Shipping vehicles

OSHA and MTB regulations deal specifically with equipment and work practices at loading docks. These cover dockboards and bridge plates, powered industrial trucks, and the proper packing of hazardous materials. Other items related to the shipping vehicle or trailer are covered below. Proper 

Vehicles should be equipped with back-up alarms, to warn personnel in the dock area of truck movement. They can also have backing safety devices such as a contact-sensing rear bumper, which automatically applies the brakes if contact is made with a solid object. 

All of this equipment must be handled with care. Handling of heavy parts by fork lift truck near the dock edge is dangerous to adjacent personnel. 

Dock shelters and seals can minimize gaps between the truck and the dock and so maintain interior temperatures and protect personnel and products from the weather. Air doors or curtains, which blow high-velocity, filtered air downward from above doors and passageways, can control the dock environment and help to prevent accidents caused by restricted passageways. 

Over time, trucks can crack or break the lip of the dock, increasing the probability of persormel injury or equipment damage. Therefore, dock lips should be protected against shock by rubber, plastic, or steel bumpers. 

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The series hybrids are actually used only for particular applications, and the principal ones are diesel powered railway engines, ships, vehicles with a separated motor for each wheel. The main disadvantage of the series hybrid is that there is only an energy flow from the storage system to wheels, which must pass through all components of the configuration, while the fundamental advantage consists in a considerably low cost of the system. 

Mines Articles consisting normally of metal or composition receptacles and a bursting charge. They are designed to be operated by the passage of ship, vehicles or personnel. The term includes Bangalore torpedoes . UN App. B, ICAO A2, lATA App. A... 

A toxicological or ecological threshold is one below which no observable deleterious effects occur. A variety of dose/response curves exist [30], and means are available for extrapolating from micro- or macroscale tests to natural systems [31]. Tipping points occur in situations in which the factors that create stability are overcome by the factors that create instability and the ship, vehicle, or system tips over into disequilibrium [32,33]. If present trends continue, such factors as biotic impoverishment, depletion of natural capital, fragmentation of natural systems, and the increasing probability of major... 

Depending on the type and quantity of a shipment, placarding completes the identification process. Larger than labels, placards measure 10%"x lOW but retain a similar square-on-point design. Placards deal with a specific hazard class of materials. DOT requires stria specifications for color, size and wording, and placement on a shipping vehicle (49 CFR 172.500.172.560). 

The spent fuel building is arranged so that the spent fuel cask does not pass over critical components during its passage from the shipping vehicle to the cask laydown area (see CESSAR-DC, Sections 9.1.4.1.3 and 9.1.4.3.1). 

Provide adequate protection against pinching or crushing of personnel moving the shipping vehicle into place. 

Proper placards have been selected and installed on cont2iiners and on the shipping vehicle. 

Dock Levelers and Dock Boards. These provide a bridge between the delivery or shipping vehicle and the dock (Fig. 4.58). They also serve to accommodate differences in height between vehicles and the dock. Dock levelers are typically installed to be flush with the floor of the dock when retracted. Models which attach to the outside of the dock as a retrofit are also available. The levelers are activated or retracted by spring pressure or hydraulics. Dock boards are reinforced steel plates which are manually lifted into place to form the bridge. 

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