Shear hazards

Sweep Devices A sweep device is a mechanism connected to the point-of-operation action of a machine. The device sweeps an operator s hands or body away from the point-of-operation if present when the machine action begins. Some standards do not allow use of sweep devices. In some applications sweep devices can create a shear hazard between the sweep and some other machine component that can cause injury to an operator. 

Routing Sawing Shearing Turning Fire hazard Lubricant or coolant Material and shape of cutting tool Quality suitability for ... 

Compressed gases, therefore, present a unique hazard from their potential physical and chemical dangers. Unless cylinders are secured they may topple over, cause injury to operators, become damaged themselves and cause contents to leak. If the regulator shears off, the cylinder may rocket like a projectile or torpedo dangerously around the workplace. Other physical hazards stem from the high pressure of a cylinder s contents, e.g. accidental application of a compressed gas/air hose or jet onto an open cut or wound, whereby the gas can enter the tissue or bloodstream, is particularly dangerous. 

Other factors Disposal of 15-20 M y sheep carcasses Waste produced from meat and wool processing Impact of climatic, seasonal and disease factors Hazards associated with sheep shearing ... 

Figure 5. Isopleths of net hazard from all chemical sources. Region Beaumont, Texas/ Lake Charles, Louisiana (shear test region). Key Hazard Level 1, 5.00E-10 2, 1.00E- 3, 2.50E-9 4, 5.00E-9 5, 1.00E-8 6, 2.50E-8 7, 5.00E-8 8, 10.00E-8 9, 1.75E-7.

By trapping the sediment from used alpine waters, reservoirs reduce the transport of suspended load to residual flow reaches. In these sections with a reduced channel flow, the tractive force and shear stress is drastically reduced. This additionally reduces the bed load transport, which may then result in solid matter originating from unaffected tributary streams remaiiung in the main channel, thus significantly increasing the debris-flow hazard for episodic high water discharge [36]. 

The rheological behaviour of thermotropic polymers is complex and not yet well understood. It is undoubtedly complicated in some cases by smectic phase formation and by variation in crystallinity arising from differences in thermal history. Such variations in crystallinity may be associated either with the rates of the physical processes of formation or destruction of crystallites, or with chemical redistribution of repeating units to produce non-random sequences. Since both shear history and thermal history affect the measured values of viscosity, and frequently neither is adequately defined, comparison of results between workers and between polymers is at present hazardous. 

The stability of the atmosphere is clearly a major influence on the dispersion of a smoke-plume. If the plume comprised a CWA rather than a harmless tracer, then the atmospheric stability would have an important effect on the extent of the downwind hazard area and on the concentrations of agent experienced within that hazard area. Atmospheric stability can be determined by direct observation - as in Figures 1-5 -or by estimation of the Monin-Obukhov length-scale, L (m), which is a height proportional to the height above a surface at which thermal effects first dominate shear (momentum) effects (Pasquill, 1962), as defined in Equation (1) ... 

The figure shows that the stope shear stress contours and permeability coefficient are extended forward at the top, which will cause an increase in overburden and overburden fracture water level changes, which will become sign of water hazard warning. 

The stability to pumping, pipelining, and sea transportation will have to be tested under simulation conditions. However, these hazards are essentially related to the eventual inversion produced by excessive shear, a very likely situation in high-speed rotatory pumps. Eiflier the emulsion is quite robust, i.e., toe inversion line is located far away from the representative point, or high-shear situations are to be avoided. Since toe high oil content requirement is imperative, high-shear handling should be ruled out in most cases. 

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