Sewage and Industrial Wastes

Industrial rivers. These are essentially re-used waters and contain, in addition to those constituents originally present, sewage and industrial wastes. A typical analysis of each of these water categories in presented in Table 17.2. 

Cherry AB, Gabaccia AJ, Senn FIW. 1956. The assimilation behavior of certain toxic organic compounds in natural water. Sewage and Industrial Wastes. 28 1137-1146. 

Dague, R.R. (1972), Fundamentals of odor control, J. Water Poll. Control Fed., 44, 583—595. Dobbins, W.E. (1956), The nature of the oxygen transfer coefficient in aeration systems. In B. J. McCabe and W. W. Eckenfelder Jr. (eds.), Section 2.1 of Biological Treatment of Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp. 141-148. 

Pickett, A., 1947, Protection of Underground Water from Sewage and Industrial Wastes Sewage Works Journal, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 64—72. 

The laboratory is highly automated, speciahzing in the analysis of large numbers of water samples for a wide range of parameters. It receives an average 650 samples each day of potable water, sewage, and industrial wastes, on which it performs a total of 5000 determinands daily. 

American Public Health Association. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water, Sewage and Industrial Wastes American Pubhc Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Pederation Washington, DC, 1955. 

Iron(III) chloride occurs naturally as the mineral molysite. The compound is widely used to prepare a number of iron(lII) salts. Also, it is apphed in sewage and industrial waste treatment processes. It also is used in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and inks as a chlorinating agent and as a catalyst in chlorination reactions of aromatics. 

Under normal circumstances, the eutrophication of a lake or pond is a very slow process, requiring hundreds or thousands of years. That rate may he altered, however, hy human activities. For example, runoff from farmlands, municipal sewage, and industrial wastes may contain compounds of phosphorus. When these materials empty into a lake or pond, they may dramatically increase the amount of phosphorus present and, hence, the rate at which eutrophication occurs. It is not unusual today for anthropogenic sources to be responsible for at least 90 percent of all the phosphorus found in a body of water. Under these circumstances, eutrophication may occur in a fraction of the normal time. 

The situation is more complex in the region of Asia and the Pacific. Water quality has many enemies there. First, sedimentation constitutes a major cause of pollution in Asian rivers, since sediment loads are four times the world average. Secondly, hazardous and toxic waste deteriorates the water quality. It is noteworthy that lead levels in Asia s surface water are about 20 times higher than those in OECD countries. Thirdly, eutrophication is faced due to the extensive use of fertilizers in the last 30 years. But the list of problems does not end here. Asian rivers contain three times as many bacteria from human waste as the world average. Finally, urbanization and the release of untreated sewage and industrial waste to the environment are expected to cause severe water pollution problems. 

Treatment of Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol. 2 Anaerobic Digestion and Solids-Liquid Separation, J. McCabe, W. W. Eckenfelder, Jr., Eds., pp. 25-43, Reinhold, New York, 1958. 

Treatment of Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol. II, Reinhold, New York, 1958. 

A freshwater stream may look sparkling and clean, but it s probably not safe for drinking. Many rivers and lakes in the United States are polluted. Bacteria and viruses enter water supplies through contamination by sewage and industrial wastes. Wastes from landfills and mines leak into groundwater reservoirs. Pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers are picked up by rainwater and carried into streams. Streams flow into rivers, and rivers empty into oceans. In addition, coastal cities pump waste directly into the oceans. For this reason, much of the oceans pollution is found along the coasts of continents. 

Data on quantities and characteristics of waste water, both sewage and industrial, are available in the journal Sewage and Industrial Wastes 22) pubHshed by the Federation of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Associations, Champaign, Illinois. No regular statistical services are carried on, although general service inquiries are handled for members and nonmembers. 

Furthermore, due to high nutrient load at points of direct sewage discharge, it was found that macrophytes like water hyacinth flourish best near shore. Several sites, like the Homa Bay, Hippo Point and River Kisati, receive high loads of untreated sewage and industrial wastes. Water hyacinth also flourishes at the off shore of these sites. 

Dickey Report, p. 105, emphasis in original. See also 13002 of the Dickey Act, which referred to the use of water for any beneficial use other than the use for disposal of sewage and industrial wastes. ... 

H. W. de Ropp, Chemical Waste Disposal at Victoria, Texas, Plant of the du Pont Company, Sewage and Industrial Wastes, vol. 23, pp. 194—197 (1951) ... 

H. O. Henkel, Surface and Underground Disposal of Chemical Wastes at Victoria, Texas, Sewage and Industrial Wastes, vol. 25. pp. 1044-1049 (1953). Earlier chemical company efforts L. K. Cecil, Underground Disposal of Process Waste Water, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 42, pp. 594—599 (1950). 

Thousands drowned in the murky brew that was soon contaminated by sewage and industrial waste. Thousands more who survived the flood later perished from dehydration and disease as they waited to be rescued. It took... 

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