Sessile organisms

Pteridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, and imidazole derivatives as natural compounds of marine origin influencing larval settlements and metamorphosis of marine sessile organisms 99YZ457. 

NOTE Compare this with similar problems in CW systems—those of easily and accurately (and at low-cost) determining levels of microbiological contamination. In most CW systems, apart from a general maintenance quality indicator, the levels of bulk water planktonic organisms tend to have little relevance to sessile organism-biofilm reactions occurring at the metal-water interface. 

A critical review of the technical literature concerned with monitoring techniques for the study of MIC has been presented in the literature [212]. The monitoring techniques in this review include measurements of electrochemical properties, measurements of physical metal loss, and enumeration of sessile organisms. The procedures for the study of MIC, as well as the advantages and the disadvantages of each technique, are discussed. 

In cases where the depuration of HOCs from BMOs involves enzyme-mediated biotransformations (Eq. 7.4) or active transport mechanisms, and environmental concentrations are high (e.g. near a point source), depuration rates have been shown to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Spade and Hamelink, 1985). Michaelis-Menten kinetics is elicited when an enzyme or active transport system is saturated with a chemical. This type of kinetics is characterized by lower values of keS at sites with high HOC concentrations. If k s are unchanged at high concentration sites, Michaelis-Menten kinetics will result in elevated BAFs. However, if chemical concentrations become toxic, finfish likely avoid the area and sessile organisms such as mussels may close their valves for extended periods (Huckins et al., 2004). 

The activity of extracts against microalgae has led to the isolation of a large group of simple phenylethyl amides and various indolylethyl amides (e.g., 27, 28). We have obtained some of these compounds also from limnic bacteria, and, although their activity is low, it seems plausible that they play a role in the competition of bacteria with microalgae for free surfaces, perhaps on seaweed or other sessile organisms. 

Ability to kill and remove existing sessile organisms/biofilms. 

Chemically mediated interactions have important direct and indirect effects on communities from both ecological and evolutionary standpoints.22 341 Chemical defense or communication cannot be properly understood unless it is viewed through the lenses of population, community, and ecosystem processes, and this requires consideration of both the biotic and abiotic components of the natural environment.342 For example, chemically mediated foraging is affected by water flow because it relies on water-soluble cues that are carried away from prey.343 345 Similar constraints likewise modify the effectiveness of other waterborne cues, such as alarm signals, sexual pheromones, and settlement cues, in both mobile and sessile organisms.244 345 350... 

Concentrations of Cu and Cr were highly variable, in contrast to Zn, which was present in relatively constant amounts across all species (28 + 7 p,gkg-1). Sessile organisms such as oysters had the highest concentrations of heavy metals, including Cd. Periphyton and zooplankton were the only groups that showed differences in metal concentrations with sampling location. 

A characteristic feature of plants and other sessile organisms, which cannot run away in case of danger or which do not have an immune system to combat pathogens, is their capacity to synthesize an enormous variety of... 

Biotic stress factors due to predation are usually severe in coral reefs whose biota is characterized by rich and diverse fauna and flora. Many of sessile organisms such as sponges, ascidians, soft corals, etc. have had toxins and noxious compounds to protect themselves fi om the predators. These compounds may be important sources for natural products based drugs and medicines [1-3]-... 

Sessile organisms do not have the opportunity to be mixed below damaging wavelengths and are therefore likely to possess adequate strategies to reduce or prevent DNA damage. Lyons et al. [52] measured induction of DNA damage in... 

Plants are sessile organisms that cannot avoid exposure to adverse climatic conditions or attack from herbivores and pests by escaping. To survive and protect themselves, they are dependent on the ability to (a) redirect their overall metabolism to meet environmental constraints, (b) construct physical barriers that are difficult to penetrate,... 

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