Separation of paraffins

The fermentation of / -paraffins in the C q to range for protein production has provided a new oudet for these hydrocarbons (see Foods, nonconventional). Because it operates in Hquid phase, the UOP Molex process can readily accomplish the separation of / -paraffins from such a wide boiling feedstock. 

Different approaches utilizing multidimensional EC or SEC systems have been reported for the analysis of middle distillates in diesel fuel. A method, based on the EC separation of paraffins and naphthenes by means of a micro-particulate, organic gel column has been described (23, 24). The complete system contained up to four different EC columns, a number of column-switching valves and a dielectric constant detector. However, the EC column for the separation of paraffins and naphthenes, which is an essential part of the system, is no longer commercially available. 

The size of the free space varies slightly as a result of the size and the shape of the molecule to be included. This fact is used in the separation of molecules. A relevant example in petroleum refinement is the separation of paraffins from other compounds with urea. In this case, a channel-like lattice is formed by urea. In the free space linear alkanes (n-octane) find space, whereas branched alkanes (i-octane) cannot be included. 

A widely used classification of petroleum distinguishes between crude oils either on a paraffin base or on an asphalt base and arose because paraffin wax separates from some crude oils on cooling, whereas other oils show no separation of paraffin wax on cooling. The terms paraffin base and asphalt base were introduced and have remained in common use (van Nes and van Westen, 1951). 

Sweating the separation of paraffin oil and low-melting wax from paraffin wax. 

Solubility in Alcohol Determine as directed under Solubility in Alcohol, Appendix VI. One milliliter of sample dissolves in 3 mL of 70% alcohol, but on further dilution with the alcohol, opalescence may occur, sometimes followed by separation of paraffin particles. 

Separation of paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Liquid paraffinic hydrocarbons (such as pentane, hexane, and heptane) and liquid aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, toluene, and xylene) have different chemical characteristics for example, the paraffinic compounds are almost completely immiscible with liquid ethylene glycol, while aromatic compounds and ethylene glycol readily form homogeneous liquid mixtures. Parafflnics and aromatics may therefore be separated from each other by blending a mixture of the two... 

The Influence of Certain Substances on the Separation of Paraffin Wax from Oil in a Dewaxing Process. 

ASTM D-2532). Usually the viscosity change might be due to separation of paraffins as might occur when gasoline, but more especially diesel gasoline, is allowed to cool and stand unused overnight in low-temperature climates. 

Oschmann, H.J. Prahl, U. Severin, D. Separation of paraffin from crude oil by supercritical fluid extraction. Petrol. Sci. Technol. 1998,16 (1-2), 133-143. 

Adsorption. In an adsorption process one or more components of a liquid or gas stream are adsorbed on the surface or in the pores of a solid adsorbent and a separation is obtained. Examples include removal of organic compounds from polluted water, separation of paraffins from aromatics, and removal of solvents from air. 

Oil frpm Gisttcs salviifolius (Cistacese). Yield 0 024 per cent. djj, 0-9736 Ojj = + 17 20 add number = 16-86 ester number = 22 73. This oil is yellowish-green, and behaves like the one mentioned before -with regard to the separation of paraffin. 

Chem. Descrip. Block copolymer with functional groups, 70% butyl acetate Uses Stabilizer for low styrene emission additives in unsat. polyester resins Features Prevents separation of paraffin wax type additives esp. applicable in nonthixotropic unsat. polyester resins... 

Because of its electrical charge, the aluminosilicate network is hydrophilic and is used to dry non-aqueous solvents. The aluminate ion may be removed froni the structure without significant modification of the framework, giving the network a hydrophobic character. The resulting material is used as a molecular sieve for the separation of paraffins linear molecules are adsorbed in the network whereas branched molecules are excluded from it. 

Ullner, H., I. Konig, C. Sander, U. Schwenk, LC separation of paraffin sulfonates, with special emphasis on primary paraffin sulfonates (in German), Tenside, 1980,17,169-170. Hauthal, H. G., Alkanesulfonates, in H. W. Stache, ed.. Anionic Surfactants Organic Chemistry, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1996. 

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