Separation defined

Split-Phase Motor. A split-phase motor is a single-phase induction motor equipped with an auxiliary winding, displaced in magnetic position from, and connected in parallel with, the main winding. Note Unless otherwise specified, the auxiliary circuit is assumed to be opened when the motor has attained a predetermined speed. The term split-phase motor, used without qualification, described a motor to be used without impedance other than that offered by the motor windings themselves, other types being separately defined. 

Method validation, on the other hand, is normally considered part of the study in which the method will subsequently be used or consists of a separate defined study unto itself as such, it is normally required to be accomplished under GLP purview. There is, however, some confusion in some circles as to exactly what is meant by analytical method validation. Some chemists describe it as adaptation of one method from one type of matrix for use with another using basically the same or similar analytical approach. Others take a more strict interpretation and define validation as simply demonstration of the ability to achieve satisfactory results using a published procedure in one s own laboratory setting. Often, validation incorporates both interpretations. 

These difficulties are avoided in Gwyn s (1969) design (Fig. 3). Here, the attrition products are not kept inside the system but it is rather assumed that they are elutriated. In the enlarged diameter top section, gravity separation defines the limiting diameter of the elutriable particles. The attrition rate is assumed to be given by the elutriation rate. The steady-state elutriation rate can, therefore, be used as a friability index. 

Write the effect postcondition in a (pre ==> post) style when you wish to ensure that there is no getting out of the contract and that if the precondition is tme, then the postcondition will be met. Then combine them into actions using and. This approach is generally better when you re combining several separately defined requirements—for example, when you re building a component that conforms to the interfaces expected by several different clients. 

Time-Triggered Actions. In addition to explicit stimulus from exemal actors, a system may need to respond on its own to the passage of time. Model this also as an external input to the system, driven by a clock of arbitrarily precise frequency. Pick a suitable name for this action e g. end of day, or tick. For clarity, separately define named effects to specify what happens at that time e.g. clear outdated reservations. As always, you can have multiple specifications for the action. 

Software validation is not separately defined in the quality system regulation. The FDA considers software validation to be the confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that software specifications conform to user needs and intended uses, and that the particular requirements implemented through software can be consistently fulfilled [14]. Software validations have special concerns on software installation, implementation, and utilization. A software validation consists in several tests, inspections, and verifications performed to assure the adequate installation and use of software and that the tasks performed meet all the specifications defined. Software validations must be performed under the environmental conditions to which software will be submitted. This is particularly important in medical devices that are used under special conditions, such as close to or inside the human body. 

Figure 3.3 Illustration of the calculation of the phase diagram of a mixed biopolymer solution from the experimentally determined osmotic second virial coefficients. The phase diagram of the ternary system glycinin + pectinate + water (pH = 8.0, 0.3 mol/dm3 NaCl, 0.01 mol/dm3 mercaptoethanol, 25 °C) —, experimental binodal curve —, calculated spinodal curve O, experimental critical point A, calculated critical point O—O, binodal tielines AD, rectilinear diameter,, the threshold of phase separation (defined as the point on the binodal curve corresponding to minimal total concentration of biopolymer components). Reproduced from Semenova et al. (1990) with permission.

This convention has the advantage that both of the consituents of the mixture are defined according to the same convention, whereas the quantities lY2) and r2(1) are separately defined by different conventions. It would be a matter of some difficulty to prove by geometric manipulation of dividing surfaces that, for example, r2(1) and r2(n) are linearly related. From their algebraic definitions, however, it is easy to show that... 

As 1,4 3,6-dianhydrohexitols are bicyclic systems, the appropriate ring-index nomenclature may also be used. The numbering of the atoms in such names differs from that used in the sugar-derived names. Furthermore, the stereochemistry for each of the anomeric centers has to be separately defined. The compounds under discussion have a 2,6-dioxabicylo[3.3.0]oc-tane framework, shown in Formula 6, and incorporates hydroxyl groups on C-4 and C-8. 

This example, while being of a fairly typical ilk for patents dealing with organic chemistry subject material, is somewhat straightforward in the sense that a fairly clear definition for the claimed Markush was available in the specification. Often, however, the specification does not provide such a clear definition, and one needs to look for clues through the context in which the term is used. In the absence of a clear definition, a consistent association of a term in a particular nexus can reinforce the term s meaning just as clearly as if the term had been set out and separately defined.35... 

In a similar approach, called position scanning [8,9], sets of sublibraries are prepared in which the 20 amino acids at each position are separately defined (Fig. 2). For example, with a pentapeptide, the first set of amino acids defines 20 sublibraries and each of the amino acids in positions 2, 3, 4 and 5 are fully randomized with a set of 20 amino acids. The second set of 20 sublibraries is prepared with a defined amino acid at position 2 the amino acids in positions 1,3,4 and 5 are fully randomized. In a similar manner, amino acids at positions 3, 4 and 5 are each defined in sets of 20 sublibraries. Testing ofthe five sets of 20 sublibraries will define the preferred amino acids at each of the five positions in the pentapeptide chain. The resynthesis of individual peptides having the preferred... 

A redox couple can be separately defined according to a redox sensitive element (in the example U according to N(5)/N(-3) redox couple) that can be given either as total concentration (like U) or as partial concentrations of the respective species (like Fe). The input enforces a calculation of a redox equilibrium of the redox sensitive elements by means of the given redox couple. In this example the standard pE value for the standard redox couple will not be used for this element (in the example of uranium) to calculate the uranium species. 

For the sake of completeness, Ua and Ha are separately defined above. Actually, when the enthalpy is defined in the standard way (H-U + pV), the Gibbs representation results in a useful simplification since the surface excess volume Va<=0 and we can write Ha = Ua (as in Sections 2.4.2 and 2.5.1). 

Example 5.13 Optimal distillation column Diabatic configuration Consider a distillation column made of N distinct elements. The heat and mass transfer area can be defined separately. Defining an investment cost Q for element i as a linear function of the size. 1,. we have... 

Besides some measures of separation efficiency such as the separation factor and extent of separation defined above, some quantity indicative of the throughput rate of a membrane system is needed to compliment the permselectivity of the membrane. It is quite common and practical in the membrane technology to use a phenomenological expression to relate the permeate flux (Ja in the unit of cm (STP)/s-cm7) of a given gas (A) through the membrane to the driving force, the transmembrane pressure difference (Ap) as follows ... 

The THF adducts display further chemistry and provide a system in which THF coordination and ring opening can be separately defined. This ring opening occurs over a period of days at room temperature in benzene, toluene,... 

Note that the complement of the cosine coefficient is the angular separation defined in Table S7. 

For the separation defined in Problem 3.15, estimate the minimum required stages under the following conditions ... 

An ideal screen would sharply separate the feed mixture in such a way that the smallest particle in the overflow would be just larger than the largest particle in the underflow. Such an ideal separation defines a cut diameter that marks... 

Nu Nusselt number, usually given by qLI(A Tk), but see separate defining... 

It may be observed that the two inner layers, Reactor and Separations, define the material balance envelope. Moreover, these define the basic structure of the flowsheet also, which is the object of a design activity named Process Synthesis. The outer layers of Heat Recovery and Utility systems deal with the heat balance envelope. Both are objects of a design activity that was called Process Integration. 

In our real-space core-valence separation, defines the boundary of the region around nucleus k that contains the core electrons associated with it. The pertinent energy components are ... 

---