Sensors multisensor systems

MULTISENSOR SYSTEMS ELECTRONIC TONGUE BASED ON LOW-SELECTIVE SENSORS AND MULTIWAY METHODS OF RECEIVED DATA TREATMENT... 

Mourzina YG, Schubert J, Zander W, Legin A, Vlasov YG, Schdning MJ (2001) Development of multisensor systems based on chalcogenide thin film chemical sensors for the simultaneous multicomponent analysis of metal ions in complex solutions. Electrochim Acta 47 251-258... 

LAPS offers a number of advantages in view of multisensor system applications. Each point on the sensing surface can be individually accessed, and therefore multisensor functions can be easily accomplished by depositing various sensor materials on different sites of the sensing surface. A number of LAPS-based ion-selective multisensor systems have been reported recently [73, 71, 74],... 

A. Schiitze, A. Gramm, and T. Ruhl, Identification of Organic Solvents by a Virtual Multisensor System with Hierarchical Classification, Sensors Journal, IEEE, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 857-863, 2004. 

Kohls, O., and Scheper, T. (2000), Setup of a fiber optical oxygen multisensor-system and its applications in biotechnology, Sensors and Actuators, B Chemical, 70(1-3) 121-130. 

A FI multisensor system comprising potentiometric sensors of different types for the determination of free cyanide activity in basic solutions for extraction of noble metals has been developed [35]. Solvent polymeric membrane sensors based on metalloporphyrin and crystalline sensors were combined in the sensor system. The sensors of different types were built into the system to form a multisensor detector. The FI multisensor was also beneficial due to computerizing of measurements, automatic sampling, and sample treatment and also due to minimizing amounts of reagents. Preparation of sensor membranes is described below. 

F A M Davide, C Di Natale, A D Amico, Self-Orgamzing multisensor systems for odor classification internal categonzation, adaption and drift, Sensors and Actuators B, 18, 1-3, (1994),244-258... 

Two types of potentiometric electrodes are usually described, the ISE, which was developed to selectively recognize ions and used to analyze ions (anions or cations) in a solution and the cross-sensitivity electrodes (CSE), used in sensor arrays for solution analysis, which due to their low selectivity gives, as output, a matrix fingerprint. E-tongue systems (multisensor systems with several low-selective sensors) are an example of this application. 

Multisensor systems for liquid analysis based on chemical sensor arrays that attempt to mimic the human chemical senses coupled with pattern recognition methods are... 

Monolithic sensor systems, however, offer advantages such as low power consumption or reduced packaging efforts. Integration of an on-chip serial interface reduces the number of bonding wires, especially in the case of an integrated multisensor array. Taking into account the mass-production facilities with estabhshed microelectronic and microtechnological processes, commercialization of monoHthic... 

The performance of common multisensor arrays is ultimately determined by the properties of their constituent parts. Key parameters such as number, type and specificity of the sensors determine whether a specific instrument is suitable for a given application. The selection of an appropriate set of chemical sensors is of utmost importance if electronic nose classifications are to be utilised to solve an analytical problem. As this requires time and effort, the applicability of solid-state sensor technology is often limited. The time saved compared with classic analytical methods is questionable, since analysis times of electronic nose systems are generally influenced more by the sampling method utilised than the sensor response time [185]. 

Applications of FIA have been quite varied with some comparisons reported. One comparison of different biosensor systems, in situ versus flow-through FIA, was made by Bilitewski et al (1993). Others compared different sensors in the FIA system (Scheper et al 1993). Gebbert et al (1994) reported an online system for monitoring monoclonal antibodies. A multisensor FIA system operated with a software package FIACRE was reported by Busch et al (1993). A biosensor system to determine aspartame in food products was reported by Male et al (1993). Biofield effect transistors were reported by Kullick et al... 

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