Sensitivity of erythrocytes

Heliantholysin. The major form of heliantholysin is a basic polypeptide chain (pi in the region of 9.8) having a molecular weight of 16,600. Its amino acid sequence has been determined (11). It is powerfully hemolytic for washed erythrocytes derived from a variety of animals, those of the cat being the most sensitive, and those of the guinea pig the most resistant (10). As is true of most hemolytic systems, the biochemical basis for the very large differences in sensitivity of erythrocytes from different animal species is unknown. 

Vitamin E deficiency is almost entirely restricted to premature infants. When observed in adults, it is usually associated with defec tive lipid absorption or transport. The signs of human vitamin E defi ciency include sensitivity of erythrocytes to peroxide, and the appearance of abnormal cellular membranes. 

Jang IK, Gold HK, Ziskind A A et al. (1989) Differential sensitivity of erythrocyte-rich and platelet-rich arterial thrombi to lysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Circulation 79 920-928... 

There is also increased erythrocyte hemolysis, which responds to synthetic antioxidants or selenium. The sensitivity of erythrocytes to chemically induced hemolysis can be used both as a biological assay of vitamin E in... 

Table IV. Relative Sensitivity to Metridiolysin of Erythrocytes from Various Animal Species...

Because of the sensitivity of the PUFA towards oxidation, the glass wool in the liner of the GC system should be replaced prior to each series of erythrocyte analy-... 

The applicability of CE-ICP-MS for fast screening of weak metal interactions of Cd2+ with several test proteins (such as carbonic anhydrase from bovine erythrocytes, bovine serum albumin, human holotransferrin, ceruloplasmin and superoxide dismutase) has been studied by Cahmoun and Hagege.74 The sensitivity of element species and their detection limits in CE-ICP-MS have been improved by introducing a preconcentration step involving large volume stacking with polarity... 

Phenanthroline, on the other hand, stimulates the activity of some enzymes, perhaps by removing a metal that is inhibitory to the enzyme.523 524 It can induce porphyrin synthesis525 and improve the rate of ascorbate oxidation.526 It induces lysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes.527 It is reported to reverse the resistance of microorganisms to penicillins.528 It binds to an immunoglobulin.529 It also protects rat liver from injury induced by dimethylnitrosamine530 and ethionine.531... 

Complestatin (99) [84,85] was isolated from the mycelium of S. lavendulae and its structure was determined by NMR. It contains two unusual amino acids as shown in Fig. 16. The compound inhibits hemolysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes mediated by guinea pig and human complement at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.7 ig/ml, respectively. 

Tissue esterases have been divided into two classes the A-type esterases, which are insensitive, and the B-type esterases, which are sensitive to inhibition by organo-phosphorus esters. The A esterases include the arylesterases, whereas the B esterases include cholinesterases of plasma, acetylcholinesterases of erythrocytes and nervous tissue, carboxylesterases, lipases, and so on. The nonspecific arylesterases that hydrolyze short-chain aromatic esters are activated by Ca2+ ions and are responsible for the hydrolysis of certain organophosphate triesters such as paraoxon (Figure 10.10B). 

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