Vitamin E in humans

In experimental animals, vitamin E deficiency results in resorption of femses and testicular atrophy. Dietary deficiency of vitamin E in humans is unknown, though patients with severe fat malabsorption, cystic fibrosis, and some forms of chronic fiver disease suffer deficiency because they are unable to absorb the vitamin or transport it, exhibiting nerve and muscle membrane damage. Premamre infants are born with inadequate reserves of the vitamin. Their erythrocyte membranes are abnormally fragile as a result of peroxidation, which leads to hemolytic anemia. 

Kayden, H.J. andTraber, M.G. (1993). Absorption, lipoprotein transport and regulation of plasma concentrations of vitamin E in humans. J. Lipid Res. 34, 343-358. 

Roodenburg AJ, Leenen R, van het Hof KH, Weststrate JA and Tijburg LB. 2000. Amount of fat in the diet affects bioavailability of lutein esters but not of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and vitamin E in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 71 1187-1193. 

The main action of vitamin E in human tissue is to prevent oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), thereby protecting lipid and phospholipids in membranes. Vitamin E interacts syn-ergically with other nutrients, such as vitamin C, selenium, and zinc, which are also involved in the oxidation pathway. The recommended intake is strongly related to the quantity of PUFA consumption. Some studies [454-456] on animal models and epidemiological trials in human suggest... 

TraberMGand Sics H (1996) Vitamin E in humans demand and del ivery. Annual Reviews of Nutrition 16,321 7. 

Bowry VW, Ingold KU, and Stocker R (1992) Vitamin E in human low-density lipoprotein. When and how this antioxidant becomes a pro-oxidant. Biochemical Journal 288, 341-4. 

Kayden, H.J. and Traber, M.G. 1993. Absorption, Lipoprotein Transport, and Regulation of Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin E in Humans. J. Lipid Res. 34 343-358. 

M. G. Traber and H. Sies Vitamin E in humans demand and delivery. Annual Review of Nutrition 16, 321 (1996). 

Jl. Jachec, W., Tomasik, A., Ceglarek, W., Wos, S., Wodniecki, J., Wojciechowska, C., Skrzep-Poloczek, B., Walichiewicz, P., and Widenka, K., Lipid peroxidation and vitamin E in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Clin. Chim. Acta 330, 121-129 (2003). 

O Sommerburg, LY Zang, PGM van Kuijk. Simultaneous detection of carotenoids and vitamin E in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 695 209-215,1997. 

JDH Cooper, R Thadwal, MJ Cooper. Determination of vitamin E in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 690 355-358, 1997. 

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