Seminal reasons

Helmont, like Severinus, used Augustine s phrase seminal reasons (rationes seminales) to define the mineral seeds in the abyss. The concept of seeds of matter and seminal or causal reasons was adopted by Augustine from Stoic sources via the Neoplatonists. Walter Pagel has noted its relevance for the seeds postulated by Paracelsus and Helmont. But more important than the mere use of the term is its theological connotation, which has not received the same attention. It is necessary to identify the context in... 

Augustine spoke of seminal and causal reasons in connection with the generation of living creatures, not minerals. Helmont transferred to mineral generation the concept of seminal reasons together with the Platonic idea, the pattern of which the concrete individual was a copy. Like Augustine, he saw the concept of seeds and seminal reasons as a way to link present-day processes with the creation of the world and to demonstrate that God was All in all. 

After the appearance of the seminal 1985 paper from the Tomalia group, there was an enormous amount of intrinsic interest in dendritic polymer architecture. On the other hand, there was substantial resistance to accepting research results for publication by many of the major scientific journals, some of the reasons cited by the critics of that period included the following ... 

As mentioned above, for several reasons the commonly used method for the preparation of bisphospholanes and bisphosphetanes tracing back to the seminal work of Burk does not match the requirements for the synthesis of catdMum M Ugands. 

Then, at the end of sections is a suggested reading list. The first part of the list consists of some seminal papers, publications which, in the light of history, can be seen to have made important contributions to the buildup of modem electrochemical knowledge. The student will find these earlier papers instructive in comprehending the subject s development. However, there is another reason to encourage the reading... 

It has been well-established that certain amino acids, i.e., phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, both fluoresce and phosphoresce (15.). We believe that a combination of these amino acids is responsible for the observed luminescence of seminal fluid. Furthermore, it seems reasonable that either this combination of amino acids would not be present or would not occur in the same proportions in other body fluids or substances of biological origin. Therefore, differentiation between seminal fluid and... 

As mentioned, the procedure has the advantage that the time variable T is part of the solution expression, so that if solutions at only a few time values, or even just one such T, are sought, the method might be competitive with the more usual time-marching schemes. Also, although the above description has been simplified by leaving out the boundary condition vector in (9.104), its addition still leaves the method intact. As shown in the second paper [332], LSV simulations and quasireversible systems can be handled. For some reason, however, the method has not seen any use in electrochemistry since these two seminal papers. 

As proton donor coordination has an impact on the rate of carbonyl reduction, it is reasonable to expect that glycols should significantly accelerate the rate of carbonyl reduction. Seminal work by Hilmersson examined the correlation between the number of ethereal oxygens in a series of ethylene glycol-based proton donors and the rate of reduction of ketones.13 His work showed that coordinating alcohols enhance the rate of ketone reduction substantially and that the rate increase is proportional to the number of ethereal oxygens in the proton donor source.13 The mechanistic basis for this... 

An additional complicating issue should be kept in mind when reading the seminal pre-1968 literature, myo-Inositol derivatives that are currently designated D configuration were assigned L configuration and vice versa in the literature published before 1968. The reasons for the pre-1968 nomenclature are as follows before 1968, rules of carbohydrate nomenclature dictated that the orientation of highest numbered chiral carbon, C-6 in this case, specify the... 

One reason that the 1954 meeting was seminal is that it was the first occasion on which Derjaguin and Overbeek met. They presented the first two papers at the meeting. Overbeek s paper is the one reprinted here Derjaguin s paper is titled Investigations of the Forces of Interaction of Surfaces in Different Media and their Application to the Problem of Colloid Stability , and is primarily concerned... 

When charge transport fails to reach a steady state during the time available, the most likely reason is that the transit time is dominated by the time required to escape from the slowest site(s) that a carrier encounters as it crosses the sample. Furthermore, the distribution of release times is such that the carrier continues to encounter slower and slower sites as it crosses a sample. Transport under such conditions is called dispersive, and has been the subject of much study since a seminal paper by Scher and Montroll [73a-e]. The term dispersive alludes to the wide dispersion in release times and/or the fact that carriers that are injected simultaneously spread out, disperse, to an anomalous extent as they cross the sample. The literature has several examples of studies of this subject in amorphous molecular solids [66b, 73f-h]. Some materials undergo a transition from essentially dispersive transport at low temperatures to essentially nondispersive transport at higher temperatures, and this dispersive-to-nondispersive transition has been the subject of significant attention [73i-p]. 

The reason for the discrepancy is that most of the available sea-surface nutrients (which could be depleted were the phytoplankton more efficient or the circulation less energetic) are to be found in the high latitudes, notably in the Southern Ocean. A starthng and seminal finding in the 1980s was... 

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