Selected Organic Syntheses

Selected Organic Syntheses , Ian Fleming, Wiley 1973. Synthesis from the other side notable examples of organic syntheses carefully explained in detail... 

Fischer, H. Stem, A. 1940, Die Chemie des Pyrrols, Vol. 11, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Leipzig Fleming, I. 1973, Selected Organic Syntheses, Wiley New York London... 

See, I. Fleming, Selected Organic Syntheses (J. Wiley, New York, 1972). 

For summaries of Sheehan s penicillin synthesis and related work, see (a) Fleming, I. Selected Organic Syntheses A Guidebook for Organic Chemists, John Wiley Sons New York, 1973, p. 80 (b) Johnson, F. In The Total Synthesis of Natural Products, Vol. 1, ApSimon, J., Ed., Wiley-Interscience New York, 1973, p. 331 (c) Holden, K.G. In Chemistry and Biology of f-Lactam Antibiotics, Morin, R.B. Gorman, M., Eds., Academic Press New York, 1982, Ch. 2, p. 99. 

L. Velluz, J. Vails, and J. Mathieu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1967, 6, 778 see also I. Fleming, "Selected Organic Syntheses." John Wiley Sons, London, 1973, p. 101. 

Electrochemical studies are usually performed with compounds which are reactive at potentials within the potential window of the chosen medium i.e. a system is selected so that the compound can be reduced at potentials where the electrolyte, solvent and electrode are inert. The reactions described here are distinctive in that they occur at very negative potentials at the limit of the cathodic potential window . We have focused here on preparative reductions at mercury cathodes in media containing tetraalkylammonium (TAA+) electrolytes. Using these conditions the cathodic reduction of functional groups which are electroinactive within the accessible potential window has been achieved and several simple, but selective organic syntheses were performed. Quite a number of functional groups are reduced at this limit of the cathodic potential window . They include a variety of benzenoid aromatic compounds, heteroaromatics, alkynes, 1,3-dienes, certain alkyl halides, and aliphatic ketones. It seems likely that the list will be increased to include examples of other aliphatic functional groups. 

C WAO [Catalytic Wet Atmospheric Oxidation] A general name for catalytic processes for destroying waste organic chemicals in water by atmospheric oxidation. First operated by DuPont in the 1950s. Such processes can also be used for selective organic syntheses. 

Organolithium compounds and lithium amides have found tremendous application in selective organic syntheses [16], and these reagents are regarded as either strong bases or nucleophiles. It also seems that the lithium in these species contributes in the reaction as a Lewis acid. Recent impressive applications are also highlighted later, in Section 2.2.I.2. 

The third chapter by Y. Izumi and M. Onaka reviews the use of solids such as zeolites and montmorillonites as catalysts in selective organic syntheses, discussing mechanisms and reactive sites. 

Fleming /., Selected Organic Syntheses, Wiley-Interscience, London, 1973, p 202. 

Minisci, F., Vismara, E., Fontana, F. Redox catalysis and electron-transfer processes in selective organic syntheses. NATOASI Ser., Ser. 

Fleming, Synthesis I. Fleming, Selected Organic Syntheses, Wiley, London, 1973. Houben-Weyl E. MUIler, ed., Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Fourth Edition, Thieme, Stuttgart, Many Volumes, 1952-1981. 

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