Selected ASTM Standards

A number of standard tests for adhesives and sealants have been specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and other professional organizations such as the U.S. Department of Defense and the Society of Automotive Engineers. By far, ASTM standards are the most commonly referenced test methods. Selected ASTM standards are presented in App. G. The properties usually reported by suppliers of adhesives and displayed in the technical literature generally reference ASTM standards. 

Table 10. Selected ASTM Standards on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis...

Eluorspar assay may be completed by fluoride determination alone, because the mineralogical grouping rarely iacludes fluorine minerals other than fluorite. Calcium can be determined as oxalate or by ion-selective electrodes (67). SiUca can be determined ia the residue from solution ia perchloric acid—boric acid mixture by measuriag the loss ia weight on Aiming off with hydrofluoric acid. Another method for determining siUca ia fluorspar is the ASTM Standard Test Method E463-72. 

Reference 4 and several standards provide guidelines for selecting dispersants ASTM standard B821-92 for metal powders (and some carbides and sulfides) in water British Standard (BS) 3466 (part 4) for oxides and ISO TC24/SC4/WG11 (1997) for a wide range of powder—Hquid combinations. 

Most of the analyses of Antarctic coal were based on blocks of transportable size taken from surface outcrops. In earlier work, sections of purer coal were cut from the blocks and submitted for analysis. In later work, selected blocks were crushed, and a float fraction of purer coal was submitted to provide analytic data from each deposit. These samples, while not useful for determining coal grade, may be adequate for indicating rank. Practically all of the Antarctic coal, with the exception of that at Amery (which may represent high volatile bituminous coal), corresponds to medium volatile bituminous or higher rank. The high apparent rank Antarctic coal may be classified according to conventional ASTM standards of rank based on proximate analysis, but it seems clear that these results serve only as a first approximation. 

The compounds making up the catalyst sample can be clearly identified in the XRD pattern. Cupric oxide produces the peaks labeled C, zinc oxide the peaks labeled Z, and y-alumina the peaks labeled A in Fig. 12. Not only does the XRD pattern qualitatively identify the phases present in the catalyst, but the quantity of each phase can be determined by measuring the area under selected diffraction peaks relative to a standard. An example of quantitative analysis by XRD is found in the ASTM Standard Procedure D3906-80 for NaY zeolite in a cracking catalyst. 

In selecting a thermometer, careful consideration should be given to the conditions under which it is to be used. The preceding table lists several ASTM thermometers, together with their usual conditions of use, which may be required in Food Chemicals Codex tests. Complete specifications for these thermometers are given in ASTM Standards on Thermometers. ... 

ASTM International (2003a). D 4861, Standard practice for sampling and selection of analytical techniques for pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 11.03, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohoken, PA, USA (website http //www.astm.org). 

ASTM standard specimens and procedures were used for flexure (D-690), compression (D 695), Izod impact and torsional pendulum analysis (TPA). For tension, D1822 tensile impact specimens were substituted for D638 specimens to conserve material. Test specimens were machined from the plates and cylinders using a water cooled dlamond wheel. All the specimens were dried in vacuo at 100°C for three weeks before testing or subsequent postcure treatment. Half the specimens were post-cured for 2 hours at 225°C in vacuo before testing. Selected specimens were Immersed in distilled water at 80°C for 6 weeks for moisture uptake determinations. 

Observation of a material similar to the samples of interest, as a secondary standard. In this example, calcium ascorbate was selected as a stable, reliable material similar to the samples of interest. One of the ASTM standards could also be used for qualification if convenient. 

ASTM. 1994. Annual book of ASTM standards section 11, water and environmental technology. Standard test methods for analysis of selected elements in waterborne oils. American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia, PA. 

Figure 2-3. Comparison of ASTM Standards allows the user to select the most appropriate standard for the application.

Staff usually the chain of custody for a sample starts with the receipt of the sample in the laboratory. Once the laboratory acquires the sample, however, it is the laboratory s responsibility to have a system for unique identification of each sample, sample handling, storage and retention procedures, as well as safe disposal procedures. Identification of the population from which the sample is to be obtained, selection and withdrawal of valid gross samples of this population, and reduction of each gross sample to a laboratory sample suitable for the analytical technique to be used are some of the key steps to be considered in obtaining a representative sample for analysis [2]. Equally important is documented chain of custody procedures to authenticate and maintain the sample integrity. Several ASTM standards deal with sampling aspects for the analysis of petroleum products and lubricants ... 

ASTM Standard D 5185-02, Standard Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by ICP-AES, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. 

ASTM F748, "Recommended Practices for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices", ASTM Standards for Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices. 

Methods of cytotoxicity testing are described in the literature, the ASTM Standards, the U.S. Pharmacopeia, and in ISO 10993-5 (Tests for Cytotoxicity In Vitro Methods). Selected tests are briefly outlined here and listed in Table 10.l. - ... 

Organic coatings are applied by painting, powder coating. E-coating, plasma polymerization, and sol-gel coating [50]. The first step in painting is the selection of the primer. ASTM standards for chemical analysis of paints and paint materials are summarized in Table 13.2. 

ASTM E 502-94. Standard test method for selection and use of ASTM standards for the determination of flash point of chemicals by closed cup methods. 

The first requirement in the selection of a glove is that the materials from which gloves are produced are not dissolved or swollen by plasticizers. This alone is not sufficient. The other important requirement in glove selection is permeability of all of the materials in its stractiue. Permeabihty is measured according to ASTM Standard F 739" or Eiuopean Standard EN 374. Permeability results are usually expressed in mg of permeate... 

For general-purpose temperature measurements, the user will generally select a commercial platinum RTD (i.e., an IPRT) which conforms to existing codes and standards for the relationship between temperature and resistance. Several different standards govern the performance of IPRTs. By far, the most widely used is the International Electrotechnical Commission (lEC) standard 60751, which is essentially equivalent to the Deutsches Institut fiir Normung (DIN) standard 43760 and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard El 137. The uncertainty tolerances on commercial RTD elements are commonly specified as Class A or... 

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