Segmental hair analysis

Thieme D, Sachs H (2007) Examination of a long-term clozapine administration by high resolution segmental hair analysis. Forensic Sci Int 166(2—3) 110-114. doi S0379-0738(06)00267-2 [pii] 10.1016/j.forsdint.2006.04.015... 

Segmental hair analysis illustrating the effects of dormant hair. The individual in this study ceased drug use at the 2-month mark. Drug residues in the 0- to 1-month and the 1- to 2-month hair segments are caused by dormant hair. 

Figure 5 is a typical example of the power of segmental hair analysis for providing clinically significant data on both relative and absolute amounts of drug use. The... 

Cocaine use during pregnancy determined by segmental hair analysis on the mother s hair, self-reports, and urinalysis. 

Mercury can accumulate in human hair following oral exposure to mercuric chloride (Suzuki et al. 1992). Hair mercury levels, determined using segmental hair analysis, can be used to monitor exposure to mercury and may leave a historical record of exposure or uptake. In hair cut 41 days after mercuric mercury ingestion (13.8 mg/kg), a sharp peak (40 nmol/g [8 g/g]) was found in the 1 cm segment... 

Xiang P, Sun Q, Shen B, Chen P, Liu W, Shen M. Segmental hair analysis using liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry after a single dose of benzodiazepines. Forensic Sci Int 2011 204 19-26. 

CS analyses on 1-cm segments Study of hair levels albino vs. pigmented rats (animal test), and black vs. white hair (human test) CS analysis on 1-cm segments CS analysis on 1-cm segments Subjects given (A) a single dose of 600 mg, or (B) 900 mg/d for... 

Although the surveillance windows of the two tests do not overlap, hair analysis can be used to validate a positive urinalysis result. This is achieved by allowing sufficient time to pass for hair to grow out from the scalp to permit sampling of the appropriate hair segment corresponding to the approximate time frame of the positive urinalysis result. Hair grows at approximately 1.3 cm/month. Hair analysis can therefore be used for the corroboration of urinalysis results. However, because of the time frame differences, urinalysis cannot provide this kind of support for hair analysis. 

One of the most famous applications in forensic science is the analysis of Napoleon s hair by ICP-MS after mineralization in concentrated nitric acid whereby an arsenic concentration about 40 times higher than normal (about 40p,gg 1) was measured (see Section 9.5). Ingested arsenic is known to be stored in sulfydryl rich tissue, like hair, nails or skin. ETV-ICP-MS combined with isotope dilution has been employed to measure thallium in human scalp hair from a person poisoned by thallium compared to control subjects, whereby several longitudinal concentration gradients for the analyzed segments (length 10 mm) were obtained.28... 

Analysis of hair, fingernails, and toenails can serve as evidence of arsenic ingestion. Such analyses are complicated by the possible presence of arsenic contamination, particularly in a work environment in which the air and surroundings may be contaminated with arsenic. Levels of arsenic may be correlated with the growth of nails and hair so that careful analysis of segments of these materials can indicate time frames of exposure. 

Kintz P, Villain M, Evans J, Pujol ML, Salquebre G, Cirimele V (2007) A case of abuse in which children were forced to take tablets containing scopolamine segmental analysis of hair for scopolamine by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 25 49-52... 

Kintz reported a case of amineptine abuse in a 45-year-old man admitted to a dermatology unit with extremely severe acne lesions. As it was not possible to evaluate the degree of severity of the intoxication by blood analysis (decided 10 d after admission), a strand of hair (6 cm) was collected in the vertex region. The concentrations of amineptine in the hair segments were 12.23 and 8.06 ng/mg. After the presentation of the results to the subject, he admitted a daily consumption of 60 tablets of 100 mg amineptine. This observation clearly demonstrates the usefulness of hair testing when classic biological samples (plasma, mine) are not available or without interest. 

Leg rand M, Lam R, Passes CJ, et al. Analysis of mercury in sequential micrometer segments of single hair strands offish-eaters 2007 41 (2) 593-8. 

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