Sciatic nerve block

Davies AF, Segar EP, Murdoch J, et al. Epidural infusion or combined femoral and sciatic nerve blocks as perioperative analgesia for knee arthroplasty. BrJ Anaesth. 2004 93 368-374. 

Kofoed H, Rawal N. Continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block for outpatient foot surgery—a randomized, controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2004 48 337-341. 

The combination of lumbar plexus and posterior sciatic nerve block represents an alternative to a neuraxial technique. 

A 25-year-old man received ropivacaine 75 mg intravenously during sciatic nerve block (12). The nerve was... 

Vree, T.B. Beumer, E.M. Lagerwerf, A.J. Simon, M.A. Gielen, M.J. Clinical pharmacokinetics of R(-l-)- and S(—)-mepivacaine after high doses of racemic mepivacaine with epinephrine in the combined psoas compartment/ sciatic nerve block. Anesth. Analg. 1992, 75, 75-80. 

Aveline C, Cognet F, Bonnet F. Ineffectiveness of intralipid infusion for central nervous toxicity following ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block with lidocaine-ropivacaine solution interaction between carbamazepine, local anaesthetic and intralipid Eur J Anaesthesiol 2010 27 1070-2. 

Kohane DS, Lu NT, Gokgol-Kline AC, Shubina M, Kuang Y, Hall S, Strichartz GR, Berde CB (2000) The local anesthetic properties and toxicity of saxitonin homologues for rat sciatic nerve block in vivo. Reg Anesth Pain Med 25 52-59... 

Cuvhlon P, NouveUon E, Ripart J, Boyer JC, Dehour L, Mahamat A, L hermite J, Boisson C, ViaUes N, Lefrant JY, de La Coussaye JE. A comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine, ropivacaine (with epinephrine) and their equal volume mixtures with lidocaine used for femoral and sciatic nerve blocks a double-blind randomized study. Anesth Analg 2009 108(2) 641-649. 

Nervous system In a retrospective study to analyse the incidence of peripheral neuropathy in 157 patients with continuous sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa, three patients with an associated common superficial peroneal and sural nerve injury were identified via clinical and electromyographical studies [21 ]. In 44% percent of the patients US guidance was combined with a nerve stimulator technique. The authors conclude that methodological bias or technical problems (lateral vs posterior approach, US guidance) may account for the higher (1.9%) than average (0-0.5%) rate of peripheral neuropathy. It is of note that anatomically the common superficial peroneal and sural nerves were more affected than the tibial nerve, possibly due to their superficial location. 

Unintended intraneural injection occurred in 16.3% (46 out of 325 of patients), who underwent an ultrasound guided in-plane subgluteal sciatic nerve block with either 0.5% ropivacaine or 1.5% mepivacaine with 1 400,000 adrenaline [ 22 j. Intraneural injection hastened the onset of the sensory block, but did not affect block duration nor increase the incidence of neurologic complications irrespective of the local anesthetic agent used. However, the authors acknowledge the small sample size of their study. 

Hara K, Sakura S, Yokokawa N, Tadenuma S. Incidence and effects of unintentional infraneural irqection diuing ultrasound-guided subglu-teal sciatic nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2012 37(3) 289-93. 

Danelli G, Eanelli A, Ghisi D, Moschini M, Ortu A, Baciarello M, and Eanelli G (2009) Ultrasound vs nerve stimulation multiple injection technique for posterior popliteal sciatic nerve block. Anaesthesia 64 638-642. 

Tamplin et. al. (54) observed that V. cholerae and A. hydrophila cell extracts contained substances with TTX-like biological activity in tissue culture assay, counteracting the lethal effect of veratridine on ouabain-treated mouse neuroblastoma cells. Concentrations of TTX-like activity ranged from 5 to 100 ng/L of culture when compared to standard TTX. The same bacterial extracts also displaced radiolabelled STX from rat brain membrane sodium channel receptors and inhibited the compound action potential of frog sciatic nerve. However, the same extracts did not show TTX-like blocking events of sodium current when applied to rat sarcolemmal sodium channels in planar lipid bilayers. 

The neurotoxins isolated from Aph. flos-aquae were shown to have similar chemical and biological properties to paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) (25,29,38) Sawyer et al. in 1968 (25) were the first to demonstrate that the crude preparation of aphantoxins behave like saxitoxin, the major paralytic shellfish poison. They showed that the toxins had no effect on the resting membrane potential of frog sartorius muscle blocked action potential on de-sheathed frog sciatic nerve and also abolished spontaneous contractions in frog heart. Sasner et al. (1981) (29) using the lab cultured strain reported similar results. 

Phenylsilatrane solutions acting as local anaesthetic produce a blocking effect on conduction in the sciatic nerve of rats. At the same time, this compound even at 100 times higher concentrations does not affect conduction in the sciatic nerve of frogs. 

Peripheral nerve block. The anesthetic is injected close to the nerve trunk so that transmission along the peripheral nerve is interrupted.61 This type of local anesthesia is common in dental procedures (restorations, tooth extractions, and so on) and can also be used to block other peripheral nerves to allow certain surgical procedures of the hand, foot, shoulder, and so forth. ii.56.65 xnjection near larger nerves (femoral, sciatic) or around a nerve plexus (brachial plexus)... 

Casati A, Cappelleri G, Aldegheri G, et al. Total intravenous anesthesia, spinal anesthesia or combined sciatic-femoral nerve block for outpatient knee arthroscopy. Minerva Anestesiol. 2004 70 493-502. 

Driessen JJ, Vree TB, van Egmond J, Booij LH, Crul JF. Interaction of midazolam with two non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs in the rat in vivo sciatic nerve-tibialis anterior muscle preparation. Br J Anaesth 1985 57(ll) 1089-94. 

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