Sartorius muscle

Fenn, W.O. (1924). A quantitative comparison between the energy liberated and the work performed by the isolated sartorius muscle of the frog. J. Physiol. 58, 175-203. 

Uniformly labeled C-8-D with a specific activity of 2.99 juc/mg was administered orally to pregnant females at 2 /xg/kg/day from 6-15 days of gestation. Three females were sacrificed on alternate days during days 6-20 of pregnancy. Triplicate samples of fetus, placenta, blood, brain, abdominal fat, and sartorius muscle were procured from each female. The samples were dissolved in 1 ml of Soluene (Packard Instruments) to which 15 ml of Aquasol were added. Each sample vial was counted for 30 min in a Nuclear Chicago Mark I liquid scintillation counter. 

Sea urchin toxins extracted from spines or pedicellariae have a variety of pharmacological actions, including electrophysiological ones (75). Dialyzable toxins from Diadema caused a dose-dependent increase in the miniature end-plate potential frequency of frog sartorius muscle without influencing membrane potential (76). A toxin from the sea urchin Toxopneustes pUeolus causes a dose-dependent release of histamine (67). Toxic proteins from the same species also cause smooth muscle contracture in guinea pig ileum and uterus, and are cardiotoxic (77). 

The neurotoxins isolated from Aph. flos-aquae were shown to have similar chemical and biological properties to paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) (25,29,38) Sawyer et al. in 1968 (25) were the first to demonstrate that the crude preparation of aphantoxins behave like saxitoxin, the major paralytic shellfish poison. They showed that the toxins had no effect on the resting membrane potential of frog sartorius muscle blocked action potential on de-sheathed frog sciatic nerve and also abolished spontaneous contractions in frog heart. Sasner et al. (1981) (29) using the lab cultured strain reported similar results. 

Fig. 20. Meridional intensity profile from frog sartorius muscle recorded on a long laboratory-based X-ray camera by Haselgrove (1975). This shows the effects of interference on peaks arising from C-protein, troponin, and myosin. For details, see text.

Bordas, J., Diakun, G. P., Diaz, F. G., Harries, J. E., Lewis, R. A., Lowy, J., Mant, G. R., Martin- Fernandez, M. L., and Towns-Andrews, E. (1993). Two-dimensional time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of live isometrically contracting frog sartorius muscle./. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 14, 311-324. 

Huxley, H. E., Brown, W., and Holmes, K. C. (1965). Constancy of spacings in frog sartorius muscle during contraction. Nature 206, 1358. 

Neuromuscular Sartorius muscle fibres (frog Giniatullin and Sokolova... 

Motor nerves Acetylcholine Cutaneous pectoris and sartorius muscle Frog Johnston et al. 1983... 

A study of the irreversible cholinesterase Inhibitor, dllsopropyl-fluorophosphate, on time course of endplate currents In frog sartorius muscle. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 189 499-512. 

Patlak JB, Ortiz M 1986 Two modes of gating during late Na channel currents in frog sartorius muscle. J Gen Physiol 87 305-326... 

Agin, Hersh and Holtzman have shown that eq 3 gives an excellent correlation for the relation between minimum blocking concentration (MBC) of 39 local anesthetics in frog sartorius muscle with polarizability (a) and the ionization potential (I) of the drugs. 

GIO. Gilbert, D. L., and Lowenberg, W, E., Influence of high oxygen pressure on the resting membrane potential of frog sartorius muscle. J. Cellular Comp. Physiol. 64, 271-278 (1964). 

Studies on skeletal muscle also support an intracellular site of action of the MDIs. Thus, pr-MDI (10 4m) significantly blocked caffeine-induced contractures of the rat diaphragm both in presence and in absence of extracellular calcium (33). Such caffeine-induced contractures are believed to be mediated by intracellular calcium mobilized from the sarcoplasmic reticulum or other intracellular calcium pool (34). Furthermore, bu-MDI (10 M) depresses activation heat in the frog sartorius muscle upon stimulation (35), indicating a reduction in the quantity of calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, since activation heat represents the energy liberated in association with calcium mobilization and sequestration in contracting muscle (36,... 

Both central and peripheral sites of action have been implicated in these alterations of motor function. In the isolated sciatic nerve-sartorius muscle preparation of the frog, A -THC blocked neuromuscular transmission by depressing sartorius presynaptic acetylcholine release [197]. However, the precise mechanisms of cannabinoid action at cellular and neurobehavioural levels are as yet unknown. 

In molecular biology, certain structural features may not show up in electron microscopy. This is, for example, the case for the cycloskeletal lattice of frog sartorius muscle [29]. 

Fig. (3). Blend effects of 0.4 mM paeoniflorin (PF)-related compounds alone, 0.05 mM glycyrrhizin (GLR) alone (open symbols), and 0.4 mM PF-related compounds plus 0.05 mM GLR (closed symbols) on inhibition of the twitch response elicited by nerve-stimulation in frog sciatic nerve-sartorius muscle preparations. Symbols represent the mean values (n = 3).

Adrian, R.H. and L.D. Peachey (1973). Reconstruction of the action potential of frog sartorius muscle. /. Physiol. (Lond.) 235,103-131. 

---