Saltzman method

During the course of the irradiations, the concentrations of the following variables were monitored oxidants (Mast coulometric ozone meter) (4), condensation nuclei with radii greater than lO " cm (G.E. Type CN small particle detector) (5), ozone (Regener chemiluminescent ozone meter (6), nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide (Saltzman method) (7), and a-pinene (Perkin Elmer model 800 gas chromatograph). 

Nitrogen dioxide was measured using the Saltzman method (13). Nitric oxide was oxidized to NO2 and subsequently determined as NO2. 

NO, in tobacco smoke has been quantified by calorimetric analyses (189, 3441, 3720), such as the Saltzman method (19A07), and by the chemical emission method (2122), which has been shown to be a rapid method for quantification (1884). Most of the NO, present in fresh MSS is NO, only a small amount of NO2 is present (189, 816, 2803). The concentration of NO2 in MSS increases (189, 2803, 3691) with the age of the smoke, and can reach levels of 200 ppm after 60 seconds (189). NO2 formation is believed to result from the auto-oxidation of NO. It has also been suggested that some of the NO2 produced by oxidation is converted (2941, 4058) to methyl nitrite through a reaction with methanol in the smoke (1884). Predominate precursors of NO are nitrates (189) and other A-containing compounds in the tobacco. N2O (2941) and HNO3 (4058) have also been reported as components of MSS in addition to the above compounds (1884). The currently preferred method for the determination of NO, is chemiluminescence (1930,19A02). 

The Saltzman method [21, 22]. Nitrogen dioxide, when passing through an acid solution of sulphanilic acid and N -(l-naphthyl)ethylenediamine yields... 

J. Saltzman and P. Colella, Second-Order Corner Coupled Upwind Transport Methods for Lagrangian Hydrodynamics, LA-UR-85-678, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 1987. 

Several different methods may be used to generate and adaptive mesh. Saltzman (1) categorized them as follows i) fixed meshes, ii) selectively refined meshes, and iii) moving meshes. 

Saltzman, J. A Variational Method for Generating Multidimensional Adaptive Grids Courant Mathematics and Computing Laboratory, New York University, 1982. 

The Caribbean transects data shown by Saltzman and Cooper ( ) was obtained in oceanic air with easterly winds which should be representative of the subtropical/tropical Atlantic Ocean. On this cruise two filters were used in series, and correction was made for the OCS artifact 130). The resultant data showed H2S concentrations averaging less than 10 ppt with a slight daytime minimum, as expected for a species such as HiS which should be removed predominantly by photochemically produced OH. The maximum/minimum concentration ratio is 1.7, which is similar to that observed for DMS on the same cruise. However, it should be noted that this diurnal variation is only a few ppt, which is close to the precision of the method. We wish to stress that considerably more data is needed to verify this observation, as the data used are compiled from measurements over a considerable geographic range and because the variations involved are small. 

In all experiments reported here ozone was determined by the alkaline-potassium iodide method of Smith and Diamond (13) as modified by Byers, Saltzman, and Hyslop (2). The total oxides of nitrogen were determined by the phenoldisulfonic acid method nitrogen dioxide by the specific method of Saltzman (11). The accuracy of the ozone method is still under experimental scrutiny. It is possible that some factorial upward revision of the ozone values reported here may have to be made at a future date. A correction factor of approximately 2 appears probable at this date. The method, however, was the best available at the time these experiments were performed. 

A new method, based on that of Griess-Saltzman, has been developed for measuring N02 in the atmosphere.160 A detailed study has been made of the relative quantum yields for the photolysis of N02 to NO at 5 or 10 nm intervals in the range 295—445 nm, and also at longer wavelengths. The photodissociation probability of N02 remains close to unity for photolysis by all wavelengths shorter than the dissociation limit at 398 nm.161 The photolysis of low concentrations (0.9—lOOp.p.m.) of N02 in air has been investigated and the rate constants of three of the elementary reactions have been directly determined.162... 

Marsten, R., Subramanian, R., Saltzman, M., Lustig, I., and Shan-No, D. (1990), Interior Point Methods for Linear Programming Just Call Newton, Lagrange, and Fiacco McCormick Interfaces, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 105—116. 

Sawyer AJ, Piepmeier JM, Saltzman WM. New methods for direct dehvery of chemotherapy for treating brain tumors. Yale J Biol Med 2006 79(3—4) 141—52. 

MSA is a product of the oxidation of DMS by OH. It was first identified in the aerosol phase in continental air over Germany at concentrations between 6-99 ng(S)m by a method involving esterification with identification by GC/FPD (Panter and Penzhorn, 1980). It has since been determined in maritime air by ion chromotography (Saltzman et al, 1983) and... 

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