Salt suspensions

The lithiation of allene can also be carried out with ethyllithium or butyl-lithium in diethyl ether (prepared from the alkyl bromides), using THF as a cosolvent. The salt suspension which is initially present when the solution of alkyllithium is cooled to -50°C or lower has disappeared almost completely when the reaction between allene and alkyllithium is finished. 

Toxoids generally have a poor immunogenicity and they are usually adsorbed onto aluminum salt suspensions which act as adjuvants. 

Synthesis of the copper complex31 [167780-70-3] (H, Na salt) involves coupling of a diazonium compound with a hydrazone [54] 2-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphe-nylsulfonamido)chlorobenzene is dissolved in hot water, to which dilute NaOH solution is then added. After addition of sodium nitrite, the solution is cooled to -5 °C and then added to a well-stirred mixture of HC1, water, and ice. The diazonium salt suspension is neutralized with NaHC03 and combined with the weakly acidic solution of the hydrazone formed with 2-hydrazino-5-sulfobenzoic acid and benzaldehyde in water. The reaction mixture is kept at 0-10 °C, and at pH 10-12 by dropwise addition of diluted NaOH. When the coupling is complete, the pH of the formazan solution is reduced to 8 with HC1, a dilute aqueous solution of copper tetraaminosulfate is added and the solution is stirred for several hours. The copper complex 31 is precipitated at 85-90 °C with NaCl, then filtered and dried. The resulting powder colors wool in clear, fast blue tones. 

C, and saponified with 480 ml 45% aqueous NaOH. The mixture was further cooled to 40 °C and zinc salts filtered off then washed with 200 ml of water. The filtrate was extracted with CH2CI2, concentrated, dissolved in 1.5 L isopropyl alcohol, and filtered to remove tropic acid metal salts. The filtrate was cooled to 10°C, 120g HCl dissolved in 780 ml isopropyl alcohol added to obtain a final pH of 2.5. 0, and the HCl salt suspension filtered. The residue was washed with 600 ml acetone and the product isolated in 77.4 % yield. 

Marine loss Volatilization, sea salt suspension, into marine hiota, sediment transfer to land 3.825... 

Sawamoto has described the controlled radical polymerization of MMA using [RuCl2(PPh3)3] as a catalyst [218]. In organic solvents, this ruthenium catalyst [197] necessitates the use of an aluminum-containing co-catalyst, usually A1(O IT), thus affording a very efficient control of the polymerization of methacrylic monomers. As the aluminum compound can not be used in neat water, polymerizations were initially carried out in a biphasic toluene water 1 1 mixture. Polymerizations in this aqueous system were found to be somewhat faster than in neat toluene. In view of these results, the authors have demonstrated that aqueous polymerizations do not necessitate the use of any aluminum co-cata-lyst. Thus, in the absence of an aluminum salt, suspension polymerization of MMA in water at 80°C was found to be efficient and controlled (83% conversion M =9.6xl0 g moT 1.42). 

For precipitation, the synthetic process consists of addition of orthophosphate anions to an aqueous solution of the metallic salt. The precipitated metallic orthophosphate was then recovered by filtration, then washed, dried at 110°C and then calcinated at various temperature. By this method CaHP04, FeP04, Ce(FlP04)2, Zr(HP04)2 were obtained. The dissolution, reprecipitation process consists of preparing a metallic salt suspension of known solubility and in adding to it an aqueous orthophosphate anion solution in order to displace the following equilibrium ... 

Salt Viscosity of IM soln. cp /Jl IM soln. JH. water Surface tension of IM soln. dynes/cm pH of salt suspension... 

Preparation of PhC(Br)=CH2 To a solution of 0.5 mol (52 g) of styrene in 400 ml of Et20 is added a slight molar excess of bromine with cooling to below — 20 °C. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm up to 20 °C after which a solution of 0.6 mol of sodium methoxide in about 200 ml of methanol is added in five equal portions keeping the temperature between 35 and 40 °C. After an additional 15 min 11 of water is added to the salt suspension. The bromo compound (b.p. 80 °C/15 mm, n 0 1.589) is obtained in yields of at least 85% after the usual work-up. 

Carbon fabric, not treated Treated, silver salt suspension, 10% Treated, silver salt suspension, 20%... 

Knitted fabrics used for medical applications - such as in wound dressings - require a zone of inhibition. These may be studied using the AATCC 147 Parallel Streak Standard Method this is an appropriate semi quantitative method for evaluating the antibacterial activity of diffusible antimicrobial agents on treated fabrics. A test result for a fabric treated with the silver salt suspension and a control fabric is presented in Rg. 5.5, where the tested bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus. 

Sung, M., Huang, C.P., Weng, Y.H., Lin, YT. Li, K.C. (2007) Enhancing the separation of nano-sized particles in low-salt suspensions by electrically assisted cross-flow filtration. Separation and Purification Technology, 54 (2), 170-177. 

---