Cathartics saline

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate may be prepared by neutralization of sulfuric acid with magnesium carbonate or oxide, or it can be obtained directly from natural sources. It occurs abundantly as a double salt and can also be obtained from the magnesium salts that occur in brines used for the extraction of bromine (qv). The brine is treated with calcium hydroxide to precipitate magnesium hydroxide. Sulfur dioxide and air are passed through the suspension to yield magnesium sulfate (see Chemicals frombrine). Magnesium sulfate is a saline cathartic. 

Salts. Rochelle salt is used in the silvering of mirrors. Its properties of piezoelectricity make it valuable in electric oscillators. Medicinally, it is an ingredient of mild saline cathartic preparations, eg, compound effervescing powder. In food, it can be used as an emulsifying agent in the manufacture of process cheese. 

Has a hyperosmotic mechanism different from that of saline cathartics... 

Saline cathartics are composed of relatively poorly absorbed ions such as magnesium, sulfate, phosphate, and citrate, which produce their effects primarily by osmotic action to retain fluid in the GI tract. These agents may be given orally or rectally. 

Saline cathartics should not be used on a routine basis to treat constipation. With fecal impactions, the enema formulations of these agents may be helpful. 

In order to reduce absorption of 1,3-DNB or 1,3,5-TNB following inhalation exposure, patients should be moved to fresh air (HSDB 1994). Following recent ingestion of a substantial amount of either chemical, emesis may be indicated unless the patient is obtunded, comatose, or convulsing (HSDB 1994). Administration of a charcoal slurry, aqueous or mixed with saline cathartic or sorbitol, has also been recommended (HSDB 1994). Following dermal exposure, it is recommended that the exposed area be washed extremely thoroughly with soap and water (HSDB 1994). Eye contamination should be treated by irrigating with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes (HSDB 1994). 

Magnesium-containing antacids - Laxative effect as saline cathartic, may cause diarrhea hypermagnesemia in renal failure patients. 

Contraindications for antipsychotic therapy are few they may include Parkinson s disease, hepatic failure, hypotension, bone marrow depression, or use of CNS depressants. Overdoses of antipsychotics are rarely fatal, except for thioridazine, which is associated with major ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac conduction block, and sudden death. For other agents gastric lavage should be attempted even if several hours have elapsed since the drug was taken, because gastrointestinal motility is decreased and the tablets may still be in the stomach. Moreover, activated charcoal effectively binds most of these drugs and can be followed by a saline cathartic. The hypotension often responds to fluid replacement or pressor agents such as norepinephrine. 

Administer activated charcoal for adsorpfion in emergency management of poisonings as a slurry wifh water, a saline cathartic, or sorbitol... 

Antacid preparations based on aluminium hydroxide sometimes contain magnesium salts (and carbonate or oxide) to offset the constipating effect of the alumina. This laxative effect of salts such as magnesium sulphate (or citrate) and other saline cathartics such as potassium sodium tartrate is due to their incomplete absorption from the digestive tract so that, by osmotic forces, they retain water in the intestinal lumen. 

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