Safety significant events

When a safety significant event is identified, an attempt is made to deteimine why the event happened. Was it the result of an unsafe condition (latent failure) or an unsafe act (active failure) The active failure(s) may stem from an unsafe condition(s). The investigators drill down imtil no other items remain (the last underlying factor). An example of a sequence of events diagram is given in Figure 3.3. 

The possibility of safety significant event caused by electromagnetic interference was first addressed in the beginning of this decade. Since then the following measures have been taken ... 

ASSET Assessment of Safety Significant Events Team (IAEA)... 

Safety significant events. Studies from a range of industries have shown that there is consistently a much greater number of less serious incidents than those which led to an injury (David, 2002). Often it was only a matter of chance that these near misses or non-injury accidents did not harm people. Incidents and accidents should be investigated immediately and any necessary corrective action taken. 

As the industry improves on this outstanding production and reliability record, it continues to improve its safety record as well. For example, in 1998 the average number of significant events per unit—an important indicator of safe operation—improved to point zero four (0.04), a sharp decrease from 2.5 in 1985. 

EPA ARIP Responses to questionnaires sent by EPA from facilities that have had significant releases purpose is to learn about causes and consequences of hazardous material incidents 1986-Present Supplements NRC reports for more significant events Additional information on causal factors, consequences, and company safety programs Data are easily analyzed for common causes Includes all states and localities Survey relies on voluntary compliance Not comprehensive limited to select cases Checklist approach limits value of information to understand root cause Not designed to be a lessons-leamed database... 

The approach to handling safety issues for hydrogen applications in the energy sector, affecting society broadly in a number of different ways, requires consistent standards in several areas from production to use and also requires a way of handling the unanticipated safety-related events bound to occur in a technology that is significantly different from that currently used. 

The Notification Convention applies in the event of any accident involving facilities or activities of a State Party, or those under its jurisdiction or control, from which a release of radioactive material occurs or is likely to occur, and which has resulted or may result in an international transboundary release that could be of radiological safety significance for another State. A State Party involved in an accident covered by the Convention is obliged to immediately notify, directly or through the IAEA, those States which are or may be physically affected. 

Significant Events Stimulating Development of Drug Safety Evaluation... 

This large number of events non-directly significant for reactor safety could lead to the conclusion that the criteria which cover the declaration of significant events are excessively strict. However, these events reveal problems of the plant operation organisation. 

Around half the significant events had no consequence, whether effective or potential, for reactor safety. 

In order to get a realistic picture of the nature and safety significance of a LPS event, it is sometimes necessary to do a very detailed and comprehensive analysis. A good example of this is a boron dilution event for which models of mixing and 3D neutron kinetics are needed in combination with modelling of primary circuit thermal hydraulics. 

Using this approach, 125 relevant events were identified and categorized according to their safety significance. 

Bass AS, Vargas HM, Valentin JP, Kinter LB, Hammond T, Wallis R, Siegl PK, Yamamoto K (2011). Safety pharmacology in 2010 and beyond survey of significant events of the past 10 years and a roadmap to the immediate-, intermediate- and long-term future in recognition of the tenth anniversary of the Safety Pharmacology Society. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 64(1) 7-15. 

Also known as a weekly significant events meeting, this safety management meeting can help you ... 

Use your weekly significant events meeting to help quickly identify and eliminate unsafe areas and activities, and develop safer work procedures and processes. In addition, you can stay updated with regard to the status of already injured employees. How is the rehabilitation going What is the expected return to work date When did the employee last contact the company As the safety pro, it s your job to get the answers to these and other questions. 

In a naturalistic truck driver study conducted for the FMCSA by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI), distraction was formd to be a significant factor in safety-related events. The data was collected using in-cab surveillance cameras that recorded the activities of 100 drivers and their surroundings for 18 months. The study involved over 735,000 miles of driving. 

To gain an understanding of when practical drift occurs in the cycle and what a safety professional should consider to avoid a significant event, here is a hypothetical situation. 

The PSA should set out to identify aU the fault sequences which contribute to risk determine if there are weaknesses in the design or operation of the plant and assess the need for changes to reduce the safety significance of such weaknesses. If the analysis does not address aU the contributions to risk (for example, if it omits external events or shutdown states) then conclusions made about the level of risk from the plant, the balance of the safety systems provided and the need for changes to be made to the design or operation to reduce the risk may be incorrect. 

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