Safety overall perceptions

Switzerland (Pfeiffer and Manser 2010) Subset of n = 568 Based on 39 of the original items CMlN/df= 2.271 GFI =. 878 NFI =. 859 TLI =. 901 RMSEA =.047 8 out of 12 factors emerged in the EFA based on 39 items Commimication opermess and Feedback and communication about error were combined into one factor the same emerged for Teamwork across hospital units and Hospital handofifr and transitions Organisational leaning and Overall perceptions of safety showed multiple cross-loadings and did not establish one factor each the 8 factors jointly explained 59.8% of the variance in the responses Intercorrelations between. 17 (9 md 11) and. 65 (3 and 6)... 

Notes Safety Culture Dimension 1 Hospital management support for patient safety 2 Supervisor/manager expectations/actions 3 Teamwork across hospital units 4 Teamwork within units 5 Communication openness 6 Hospital handoffs and transitions 7 Nonpunitive response to error 8 Feedback and communication about error 9 Staffing 10 Organizational learning Outcome dimensions 11 Overall perceptions of safety 12 Frequency of event reporting. 

Overall perceptions of patient safety Procedures and systems are good at preventing errors and there is a lack of patient safety problems... 

Jones et al. (2008) Error Reporting System Two years Critical access hospitals Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture Overall perception of patient safety increased from 69% to 72% other dimensions of survey showed comparable increases... 

Overall perceptions of patient safety Hospital-wide patient safety campaign elaboration of hospitalwide procedure book implementation of targeted actions based on incident reporting safety walk rounds elaboration of accreditation processes patient safety alert weeks assigning quality labels to hospital units... 

Attitudes Perceptions Person States Questionnaire "Safety score" reflecting overall safety attitude, perception, or person state... 

Pipelines are a vital part of the energy and chemical transportation infrastructure of modern society. They are generally viewed as a safe and economical means to deliver liquid and gas fuels and chemical raw materials to customers. However, the perception of their safety varies with segments of the population. The most common pipeline with which the average person is familiar is the gas main of the local gas distribution system with service connections to homes and businesses in communities. The overall pipeline infrastructure is much more and includes long-distance transmission pipelines in addition to local distribution system pipelines. Besides natural gas, transmission pipelines transport crude oil, gasoline, petroleum products, and chemical products. 

The following sections examine two processes associated with recmitment activities (i.e., job analysis, and realistic safety preview), and a range of selection predictors (application blank, applicant interview, cogiutive, physical, psychomotor, sensory/perceptual ability testing, personality testing, and attitude measurement) which an organization can use to help predict job applicant (new employee s) safety behavior, and overall their ability to work safely. Where appropriate, recommendations on how recruitment and selection processes can be used to improve new employee safety are discussed. Finally, this chapter examines how employees perceptions of organizational processes can be made more realistic. 

Burt and Stevenson (2009) and Burt et al. (2009) examined employees perceptions of organizational processes and how these are associated with their reactions to new employees. Perceptions of recruit and selection processes are discussed in Chap. 5, and perceptions of socialization and prestart training processes are discussed in Chap. 6. Both chapters note how a perception that organizational processes helps ensure safety can be associated with a lowering of risk perceptions, a decrease in behaviors which should ensure safety, and thus an overall increase in workplace safety risk. Scales used to measure perceptions of tmst in selection process, trust in induction processes, and employees reactions to new employees (compensatory behaviors) are published in the appendix of Burt et al. (2009). 

When operating at elevated levels of risk, the only question is which of many potential events will trigger the loss. Before the Columbia accident, NASA manned space operations was experiencing a slew of problems in the orbiters. Ihe head of the NASA Manned Space Program at the time misinterpreted the fact that they were finding and fixing problems and wrote a report that concluded risk had been reduced by more than a factor of five [74]. The same unrealistic perception of risk led to another report in 1995 recommending that NASA restructure and reduce overall safety, reliability, and quality assurance elements [105]. 

The main objective for HSE assessments or risk analysis on technical safety is to calculate an overall risk factor or to ensure a safe design. It has, however, been considered that the involvement of the operational personnel given input to the failure rates or expert judgments has a value in itself. The involvement in a HAZOP, for instance, gives enhanced risk perception and important reflection on safety issues. 

Frequency of events reported Perceptions of management Overall emphasis on safety Perceived state of safety... 

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