Safety general principles

An overview of the general principles of filtration having specific appHcation to bacterial and viral removal is given herein. The emphasis is on ensuring that the sterility and/or safety of biologicals and biopharmaceuticals be maintained. 

Olson, R. L., et al. IEEE Guide for General Principles of Reliability Analysis of Nuclear Power Generating Station Safety Systems, IEEE Std 352-1987. John Wiley Sons, New York, 1987. 

Guideline for Approval No. 3 General Principles for Evaluating the Safety of Compounds Used in Food-producing Animals. Revised July 1994. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, RockvUle, MD(1994). 

It is during the construction of the detailed flow sheet that safety begins to affect the design. In the scope some concerns about safety were expressed. These and other general principles are now put to use. 

The general principles or considerations for screening in safety assessments are as follows ... 

Two general principles that the student should remember are (1) that all substances can under certain circumstances be toxic, and the chemicals in botanicals (herbs and plant extracts) are no different from chemicals in manufactured drugs except for the proportion of impurities and, (2) that all dietary supplements and all therapies promoted as health-enhancing should meet the same standards of efficacy and safety as conventional drugs and medical therapies. That is, there should be no artificial separation between scientific medicine and "alternative" or "complementary" medicine. 

The chapter has been structured into several sections first, there is a brief introduction, including a description of the concept and general principles of CL and how it is used in the field of explosives. The second section describes CL applications in the field of explosives and focuses in particular on the thermal energy analyser (TEA) because of its important role in the trace detection of explosives. The recent applications of luminol CL and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) to explosive detection are also described. Finally, because much of the research into explosive detectors has been directed towards civilian safety, a third section describes how CL is used as a security measure to detect explosives. 

Apart from separation considerations, Fig. 6.191 shows a very general principle in safety technology the principle of redundancy, in this case the doubling of components relevant to current and voltage limitation (resistors connected in series, Zener diodes in parallel). 

In any case, and albeit the different regulation in different countries, as a general principle only licensed personnel working in an authorized facility are authorized to handle and use radiopharmaceuticals. Facilities and procedures are subject to periodic inspection by official radiation safety officers that control production and handling of radioactive material, its transportation, proper use, as well as personnel dosimetry and radioactive waste disposal. 

The Community legislation comprises general mles applicable to all materials and articles laid down in the Framework Regulation and specific rules only applying to certain materials or certain substances. The two general principles on which legislation on food contact materials is based are the principles of inermess and safety of the material. A general overview is presented in Fig. 3.1. 

Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety. Official Journal of the European Communities L31/1, 1 Feb. 2002. 

ANIMALS IN DRUG SAFETY TESTING General Principles... 

Although most GLP guidelines apply formally only to nonclinical safety studies, general principles of GLP should also be followed in the analysis of biological samples from clinical trials. 

FDA-Center for Veterinary Medicine Guidance Documents. General principles for evaluating the safety of compounds used in food-producing animals Document No. 3. Version July 2006. 

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