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Safe concentration safety” term

Safe Exposure Levels. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has adopted workplace exposure limits designed to keep airborne concentrations weU below the levels known to cause health problems (35) including ( ) daUy time-weighted average (TWA) exposure over an eight-hour day is not to exceed beryUium concentrations of 2 lg/m of air and (2) short-term exposure should not exceed beryUium concentrations of 25... [Pg.69]

Acceptable Risk. Once information is assembled concerning the characteristics of exposure and biologic effects, that information must be interpreted in terms of human safety standards. That interpretation requires that one establish a set of criteria representing acceptably safe conditions for human existence, bearing in mind that zero concentrations of environmental chemicals are unrealistic. [Pg.11]

TLV The TLV or Threshold Limit Value refers to a safe level of exposure by inhalation. The definition was established by the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists. There are several variations or criteria levels for the TLV. As an example, hydrogen sulfide has a TLV for short-term exposure limits (STEL) of 15 minutes of only 5 ppm. Comparing this to the TLV-STEL of 400 ppm for carbon monoxide provides an indication of the need to be extremely careful when H2S is suspected. Under OSHA Standards, and particularly on MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) compounds are associated with a time weighted average (TWA) TLV, which is the allowable concentration for an 8-hour continuous exposure period. For firefighting purposes, the short-term exposure is likely more realistic. [Pg.260]

Safety factor A factor applied to an observed or estimated toxic concentration or dose to arrive at a criterion or standard that is considered safe. The terms safety factor and uncertainty factor are often used synonymously. See also uncertainty factor. [Pg.226]

Safety Standards. The ioxidiy tolerance in terms of maximum allowable concentration (generally in parts per million on a volume basis) has been published for a number of chemicals.The tolerance for many new chemicals may not be established, and safe standards will have to be worked out in cooperation with public health authorities. [Pg.329]

Considerable effort has been concentrated on the development of a plant design which has an acceptable criticality safety case, but which is not constrained in terms of its flexibility to process a wide variety of feed material and manufacture a wide range of fuel assemblies. The principal objective of the design was to make the plant inherently safe where practicable for normal operations and potential fault conditions. Only where this objective is not practicable are additional safety protection systems provided. This enhances the robustness of the safety of the plant and reduces the requirement for potentially complex safety protection systems. [Pg.169]

The safety of triclosan has been evaluated in clinical trials and in studies in hmnan volunteers. The results of these studies suggested that triclosan can be used safely with good tolerability at the concentrations that are found in current personal care products. However, there has been no long-term follow-up of potential longterm adverse reaction effects on either workers exposed in the manufacturing of products or the general population using consumer products [15 ]. [Pg.379]

Data collection Originally the data were collected on pro-forma sheets and returned to a central point. Eventually a computer program was written which enabled the observers to enter their results directly on to the shop-floor terminals of the site s computer. Thus the calculations and results could be generated quickly and accurately. Access to the information was improved and a data bank of past phases led to an improvement in checklist generation and feedback. For example, it was possible to identify specific items on a checklist in terms of most safe and least safe behaviour. In this way, by discussions and problem solving sessions, the workforce could concentrate their efforts on the behaviours in most need of safety improvement. These were produced as bar charts and displayed, in colour, beside the feedback charts (see Figure 4.2). [Pg.68]


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