Rubber concrete test sites

Since 1999, a wave of pioneering effort to build rubber concrete test sites has been made in the state of Arizona by a coalition of Arizona State University (ASU), Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT), Arizona Department of Environmental Quality... 

Rubber concrete placed in all the test sites previously mentioned was mixed by the process described next, excluding the rubber concrete tennis court project. Fresh concrete was first mixed without crumb rubber in a batch plant, and then hauled to the job site by a concrete truck. Crumb rubber was then added to the truck on the job site, and a remix was performed. To make the crumb rubber disperse uniformly in a concrete truck, a per-metre based empirical formula of the re-mixing time needed for a regular concrete truck (about 7.6 m capacity) is proposed here that states ... 

At the low level of rubber, rubber concrete essentially functions like controlled concrete and it appears that one possible application is as a replacement for air entrained concrete. The results obtained from the test site in NAU indicate that, while it performs well in a cold climate, rubber concrete has the advantage of higher compressive strength than air entrained concrete. Also, while it has good ability to resist cracks, rubber concrete may be used as controlled concrete but with fewer or no expansion joints. 

Matrices most used were soil, water, and organic liquids. Other matrices used were, for example, a polymer strip in the first proficiency test, a metal strip covered with a thin layer of paint in the third proficiency test, and a wipe sample in the fourth proficiency test. In the ninth and tenth proficiency tests, an emulsion sample and decontamination solutions were introduced. Not all sample matrices employed in the past are considered realistic. During the Preparatory Commission of the OPCW, the Task Force on Analytical Issues (see Fourth Report of the Expert Group on Inspection Procedures, PC-VIII/B/WP.12, dated September 20, 1994) discussed that sample matrices such as wipe, rubber, paint, and concrete will be extracted on site and sent as extracts off site for analysis, after splitting. 

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