Rotary equipment

The rotary swivel is pressure tested periodically, and the test pressure is shown on the swivel nameplate. All cast members in the swivel hydraulic circuit are pressure tested in production, and the test pressure is shown on the cast member. 

Rotary hose external connections (i.e., the connection to the swivel gooseneck) are threaded with line-pipe thread as specified in API Specification 5B [14]. 

The outside diameter of the swivel sub is at least equal to the diameter of the upper kelly box. The swivel sub should have a minimum of 8 in. of tong space length. The minimum bore diameter is equal to that of the kelly. The 

The kelly cock and lower kelly valve are manually operated valves in the circulating system. 

Kelly Tool Joint Tool Joint Dnti Collar Drill Collar Swivel Sub 

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Rotary equipment refers to the pieces of surface equipment in drilling operations that actually rotate or impart rotating motion to the drill pipe. This equipment includes the upper members of the drill string such as the swivel, swivel sub kelly cock, kelly, lower kelly valve, and kelly sub (Figure 4-87), as well as the kelly bushing and rotatary table [13]. 

Figure 4-87. Rotary equipment—surface elements of drill string [13].

As volatile levels drop further, yielding very concentrated polymer solutions, the viscosity increases to a level that requires rotary equipment for forward pumping of the solution, which imparts surface renewal and often entraps vapor bubbles, for improved mass and heat transfer as well. There is a wide variety of rotary equipment available, from advanced ribbon devolatilizers, vertical-cone devolatilizers, and disk-ring devolatilizers for moderately viscous solutions, to single and twin screw devolatilizers and thin-film... 

Repairs (maintenance). The best source of information about the materials and labor costs is a company s records. Little useful information is in the open literature. For preliminary estimates, the total of the materials and labor expense is 6 to 10% of the fixed capital investment per year. The higher percentages in this range should be used for processes that have a large amount of rotary equipment, and lower percentages for processes that operate at or near ambient conditions. If the repair expenses must be split into materials and labor, use 40% for materials and 60% for labor. 

A steam turbine is a rotary equipment driver tiiat uses steam as its source of energy. Safety considerations relate to the intended use as well as to the selection, installation, and operation of the turbine. Steam turbines are used either as emergency backup to critical motor-operated equipment or as economical alternatives to electrical motors. When the safety of the process plant depends on the reliable operation of a steam turbine, the turbine system should be designed to start up and reach operating speed in a way that minimizes hazards. 

Normal and maximum power requirements for the rotary equipment. This information permits the vendor to establish the rated power for the turbine. 

Simple apparatus may be connected directly to the shaft of a motor or a turbine. More often, there will be some form of transmission device between the driver and the load. This device may be a coupling, a gear train, a belt, or a chain. The following discussion will not cover variable-speed drives. Most of the safety considerations for the fixed-ratio devices treated below apply to all moving and rotary equipment. 

With this type of instrumentation, it is possible to determine the point at which cavitation occurs in centrifugal pumps or other types of rotary equipment and to record this data with normal laboratory recording equipment. 

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