Rinse-Added Fabric Softener

Charge water. Heat Accosoft 540 to approximately 100F to melt. Slowly add Accosoft 540 to water while mixing. Adjust pH as desired with sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide. 

Appearance Opaque liquid pH, as is 6.0 typical Viscosity (a 25C, cps 240 Vise 50C 4 weeks, cps 500 Vise after freeze/thaw, cps 1600 Solids, % 6.5 Use Instructions  

The final viscosity of a liquid fabric softener depends on temperature, mixing rate and pH. The viscosities listed above are those obtained in the lab. Calcium chloride can be used to reduce viscosity. Fabric softeners made with an Accosoft product are non-yellowing, control static and maintain rewet properties of the fabric. 

Charge vessel with water and add SO/SAN 30M while mixing until homogeneous. Solution can be slightly hazy. 

Appearance Clear to slightly hazy liquid pH, as is 4.5 Density, lbs/gal 8.34 Viscosity 0 25C Water thin Use Instructions  

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Due to the chemical nature of HEUR rheology modifiers, no neutralization is required to induce thickening. These materials are therefore compatible with anionic, nonionic, and cationic surfactant matrices, and are effective across a wide range of pH (3 to 13) [22], HEUR rheology modifiers are used in cationic systems such as rinse-added fabric softeners (where anionic thickeners have... 

This section briefly describes the anionic and nonionic surfactants commonly used in commercial HDLD formulations. Cationic surfactants, although used on a large scale, are found predominantly in rinse-added fabric softener products. LAS, alcohol ethoxylates, and alkyl ether sulfates are three of the most widely used surfactants in liquid laundry detergents [44], Recently, various external considerations, such as environmental pressures, have prompted manufacturers to change their surfactant mix to include newer natural-based surfactants [45-47], including alkyl polyglucosides (Henkel) [48],... 

U.S. 6696405 02/2004 Mooney/Unilever Improved crease recovery of fabrics utilizing C20-C40 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. For use in fabric conditioning formulations used in the dryer cycle (sheets, liquids for rinse-added fabric softeners)... 

U.S. 5854200 12/1998 Severns et al.l Procter Gamble Rinse-added fabric softeners containing antioxidants for sun fade protection of fabrics. Nonfabric-staining, light-stable antioxidant compounds comprising C8-C22 hydrocarbon fatty organic moieties... 

Levinson, M. I., Rinse-added fabric softener technology at the close of the twentieth century, J. Surf. Det., 2(2), 223, 1999. 

Uses Good hand, exc. rewet and antistatic props, for household and commercial rinse-added fabric softeners textile processing aid for natural and syn. libers Properties Gardner 3 paste dens. 8.07 Ib/gal (50 C) vise. 1200 cps (105 F) pour pt. 97 F pH 3 (10% aq. IPA) 90% solids STEPANTEX NA-90 [Stepan]... 

Fabric softeners are cationic surfactants and these are often added to the final rinse of the laundry and dispensed to the rinse water via a special compartment in the washing machine. How can a surfactant... 

Because of the static electricity imparted to synthetic fabrics by tumble drying, and the increasing proportion of synthetic fabrics in the U.S., the sales of dryer-sheet fabric softener rose much more in the U.S. than in the rest of the world. By 1983, these products accounted for 40% of all household fabric softener sales. Today, tumble dryer sheets and liquid softener sales are of the same order of magnitude [5,6,16], In contrast, rinse-added softeners had a much larger impact in Europe, where 100% cotton items have always been dominant and line drying is still standard practice hence, the softener effect is more noticeable to consumers. 

Nonionic and even anionic surfactants have also been added in small amounts to DHTDMAC to boost a product s softening efficacy. For example, it was shown in the late 1970s that the performance of a 6% DHTDMAC composition is matched by a mixture of 4.4% DHTDMAC and 0.6% anionic [56] 1.6% DHTDMAC could then be replaced by 0.6% anionic, which is less expensive. That was quite unexpected, as it was generally accepted that fabric softeners must be introduced in the last rinse of the laundering process to avoid their neutralization by the anionic detergent residues on the fabric, which causes the formation of insoluble species. 

Concentrates are dilute-before-use products. They must be first dispersed in three or four times the amount of tap water and shaken vigorously to regenerate the 5 to 8% concentrate dispersion and avoid clogging the fabric softener dispenser [3,35], This is not necessary with ultras, which can be added directly in the rinse without preliminary dilution. 

From a softening standpoint, dryer sheets are less efficient than rinse-added products but slightly more efficient than wash cycle fabric softeners. Besides the lower amount of solids delivered, the deposition in the dryer is much less uniform than in the rinse [9,34,37],... 

Household fabric softeners have been formulated to be utilized by the consumer in either a rinse-added, dryer-added, or wash-added (softergent = detergent plus softener) application. It must be noted that there have been many cationic compounds developed since the introduction of DHTDMAC to meet the needs of for-mulators. 

Although anionics and nonionics may be used in industrial applications, all products destined for domestic applications have a cationic surfactant as the active agent. Fabric softeners are sold as dispersions, to be added to the rinse water, or in dry form carried on nonwoven sheets, for use in the dryer. The most common active agent for both applications is a quaternary amine salt with high alkyl character and low water solubility, such as the chloride or methyl sulfate salt of ditallowdimethylammonium ion. 

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