Richards, Theodore William

Rabi, Isidor Isaac, 253 Ramsay, William, 175 n.48 Ramus, Petrus, 60 Randall, Merle, 228 Raoult, Francis, 143-145, 146-147 Regnault, Victor, 52, 120 n.65 Remick, Edward, 221 Remsen, Ira, 113-114 Reynolds, Osborne, 177 Rice, Oscar K., 223, 254 Richards, Robert J., 15 Richards, Theodore William, 121 Rideal, Eric, 125... 

Richards, Theodore William (1868-1928) American chemist who determined with great accuracy the atomic weights of 25 elements. This led to the discovery of natural isotopes of elements, each of which has a slightly different weight because of the different number of neutrons. In 1905, he introduced the adiabatic calorimeter, an instrument that measured the heat rise from combustion without error from loss or gain of heat. He received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1914. 

Theodore William Richards and the Atomic Weight Problem. Science 164, 647-51 (1969). 

At Harvard, Theodore William Richards, like Noyes, inherited a course in theoretical chemistry. He renamed it physical chemistry. However, he cautioned students that the molecular kinetic hypotheses might prove ephemeral, and, to the young Lewis s consternation, Richards showed contempt for the notion of chemical bonds. "Twaddle about bonds A very crude method of representing certain known facts about chemical reactions. A mode of representation] not an explanation. "68 It was not so much that Richards sided with energeticists against kinetic and mechanical representations, but he did have a distrust of mathematical formulations too far removed from the laboratory. When J. Robert Oppenheimer enrolled in Richards s course in physical chemistry in 1925, he pronounced it "a great disappointment,. .. a very meager hick course.. . . Richards was afraid of even rudimentary mathematics."69 Thus, physical chemistry by no means necessarily meant mathematical chemistry. 

Theodore William Richards, 1868-1928. Director of the Wolcott Gibbs Memorial Laboratory at Harvard University. The precision of his atomic weight determinations has never been surpassed. He discovered the anomalous atomic weights of lead from radioactive minerals. 

Editor s outlook. Theodore William Richards, ibid., 5, 783—4 (July, 1928). 

The great teachers of chemistry must be mentioned—men like Gilbert Newton Lewis at the University of California, Arthur Amos Noyes at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and California Institute of Technology, Theodore William Richards at Harvard University, who throughout their lives enthusiastically taught the science to their students, and also worked in their laboratories to contribute to its progress. 

The modern values of atomic weights are due largely to Professor Theodore William Richards of Harvard University (1868-1928). Much valuable work was also carried out by G. P. Baxter of Harvard and O. Honigsehmid of the University of Munich. 

Much of the material in this review was taken from previously published articles involving at least one of the authors. For lysozyme, references (Brooks and Karplus 1985 Post and Karplus 1986 Karplus and Post 1996) were used for RNase A reference (Haydock et al. 1990) was used for carboxypeptidase A (Stote and Karplus 1995) was used and for triosephosphate isomerase, (Joseph et al. 1990) was used. We thank Arieh Warshel for a careful reading of the manuscript. The work was supported in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation to Harvard University. MK is the Theodore William Richards Professor of Chemistry at Harvard University and a Professeur Conventione at the Universite Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg, France. RS is a Charge de Recherche in the CNRS and AD is a Maitre de Conferences at the Universite Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg France. 

A. G. Ogston, Hartley H. B. Hartley, The Theodore William Richards Memorial Lecture , Memorial Lectures delivered before the Chemical Society, 1914-32 , Chemical Society, London, 1933, 131 Oliver Gatty (1907-40), fellow of Balliol 1931-3 Josiah Charles Stamp (1880-1941), ODNB. 

Theodore William Richards (1868-1928), United States. In recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weights of a large number of chemical elements. ... 

In the 1860s, for instance, the Belgian chemist Jean Servais Stas (1813-91) determined atomic weights more accurately than Berzelius had done. Then, at the begiiming of the twentieth century, the American chemist Theodore William Richards (1868-1928), taking fantastic precautions, produced atomic weight values that may represent the ultimate accuracy possible to purely chemical methods. 

Theodore William Richards (United States) for his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements. Richards was the first American to receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He and his students accurately measured the atomic weight of 55 different elements and also showed that some crystalline solids can contain gases or other solutes within their lattices (technical term occlude). 

Unsolved problems of structural chemistry. (Acceptance address for the Theodore William Richards Medal 1947, awarded by the Northeastern Section of the American Chemical Society). Chem. Eng. News 25 (13 Oct 1947) 2970-2974. 

Theodore William Richards Professor of Chemistry Harvard University... 

Results of this sort were obtained in 1914 by the American chemist Theodore William Richards (1868-1928). They confirmed the deductions about the existence of isotopes that had been made in 1913 by the English chemist Frederick Soddy (1877-1956) from the study of radioactive transformations of uranium and thorium. 

An American chemist, Theodore William Richards, had made it his mission in Hfe to make very careful atomic weight determinations. In 1911 he performed 15 000 re-crystallizahons of lutetium bromide, obtaining a very pure lutetium compound that made an accurate atomic weight determination possible. 

Theodor William Richards, 1868-1928, was an American chemist who won the 1914 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his accurate chemical determinations of atomic masses. 

Theodore William Richards Charles H. Herty Julius Stieghtz William H. Nichols William A. Noyes... 

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