Rhodosporidium toruloides

Alonso J, JL Barredo, B Diez, E Mellado, E Salto, JL Garcia, E Cortes (1998) D-amino-acid oxidase gene from Rhodotorula gracilis (Rhodosporidium toruloides) ATCC 26217. Microbiology (UK) 144 1095-1101. 

Baldi, F. Pepi, M., and Fava, F., Growth of Rhodosporidium Toruloides Strain DBVPG 6662 on Dibenzothiophene Crystals and Qrimulsion. Appl Environ Microbiol., 2003. 69(8) pp. 4689 1696. 

Over the past 30 years, a few researchers have reported the presence of xylose isomerase in a number of yeasts and fungi capable of rapid xylose metabohsm. Because of difficulties in using genetically engineered Saccharomyces, Freer et al. [38] re-examined Rhodosporidium toruloides to see if they could confirm an earlier report that this yeast produces xylose isomerase. They reasoned that the heterologous expression of an eukaryotic enzyme could fadfitate genetic engineering of xylose metabolism in S. cerevisiae. Unfortunately, they found that R. toruloides uses an oxidoreductase system fike other eukaryotes. Other approaches, however, have been more successful. 

Rhodosporidium toruloides, 54-88% yield. A number of peracetylated glycosides were hydrolyzed selectively at the 6-hydroxyl. These derivatives when treated with acetic acid undergo acetyl migration to give the C4-deprotected monosaccharide. ... 

Kamiya, Y., Sakurai, A., Tamura, S., Takahashi, N. (1979). Stmcture of rhodotoracine A, a peptidyl factor, inducing mating tube formation in Rhodosporidium toruloides. Agric. Biol. Chem. 43, 1049-1053. 

Bulky ketones such as diaryl ketones can be also reduced by biocatalysts. For example, a rice plant growth regulator, (S )-N-isonicotinoyl-2-amino-5-chlorobenzhy-drol, was prepared by microbial reduction of 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone with Rhodosporidium toruloides followed by isonicotinoylation as shown in Fig. 15-42(a)1243). A phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor was also prepared by microbial reduction of a diaryl ketone 9 with Rhodotorula pilimanae, which was found by the screening of 310 microbial strains [Fig. 15-42(b)][244. ... 

Figure 13 Ribbon representation of 3D structures of (a) monomericform of NpPAL from Nostocpuncf/fomie (PDB ID 2NYF), (b) monomeric form of HAL from Pseudomonas putida (PDB ID 1B8F), (c) homotetrameric form of PAL from Rhodosporidium toruloides (PDB ID 1T6P), and (d) homotetrameric form of TALfrom Rhodobacter sphaeroides (PDB ID 206Y).

Evans, C.T. Ratledge, C. Partial purification and properties of pyruvate kinase and its regulatory role during lipid accumulation by the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides CBS 14. Can. J. Microbiol., 31, 479-484 (1985)... 

In the presence of 2-deoxy-D-arabinohexose, Rhodosporidium toruloides synthesizes higher proportions of D-glucan and chitin, while the relative contents of D-mannan and D-galactan decrease drastically. 

Although enzymes are of no commercial value in removing the amido side chain of cephalosporin C, they are useful in hydrolysing the 3-acetoxymethyl group (see Chapter 3, Scheme 3.6). This reaction uses an esterase from Rhodosporidium toruloides. It allows the synthesis of a range of modified cephalosporins, such as cefuroxime (38). 

Mating pheromones of the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rhodosporidium toruloides and Tremella mesenterica, respectively... 

Geotrichum candidum Hansenula satumus Lipomyces lipofer Lipomyces starkeyi Lipomyces tetrasporus (= Zygolipomyces lactosus) Rhodosporidium toruloides... 

Table 9.4 Effect of A9- and A12-cyclopropene fatty acids on the fatty acyl composition of Rhodosporidium toruloides (from Moreton, 1988a,b)...

Sterculia and kapok plants. Moreton (1985) showed that small amounts (200mg/l) of sterculia oil could inhibit the A9-desaturase of a number of yeasts with the accumulation of up to 44% stearic acid in the lipids. The cyclopropene inhibitor had no effect on the lipid content of the cells which remained at up to 30% in the species examined Candida sp. 107, Trichosporon cutaneum and Rhodosporidium toruloides). However, and unfortunately, the sterculic acid had no effect on the A12-desaturase (Table 9.4) and consequently the yeast fat showed unchanged contents of linoleoyl residues at up to 20% which therefore was detrimental to the need to produce a highly saturated type of oil. It was clear, however, that the inhibitor had substantially decreased the activity of the A9-desaturase but had not stopped the formation of oleoyl residues completely what oleoyl residues were formed were converted to linoleate rather than being... 

Dostalek, M. (1986) Production of lipid from starch by a nitrogen-controlled mixed culture of Saccharomyces fibuliger and Rhodosporidium toruloides. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24, 19-23. 

Evans, C.T. and Ratledge, C. (1984b) Influence of nitrogen metabolism on lipid accumulation by Rhodosporidium toruloides CBS 14. J. Gen. Microbiol. 130, 1705-1710. 

Gilbert, S. (1986) Studies on lipid accumulation and genetics of Rhodosporidium toruloides, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Hull, UK. 

Rhizoctonia solani (tel. Thanatephorus cucumeris) Rhodotorula rubra (tel. Rhodosporidium toruloides) (Y)... 

Maritz, J., Krieg, H.M., Yeates, C.A., Botes, A.L. and Breytenbach, J.C. (2003) Calcium alginate entrapment of the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides for the kinetic resolution of 1,2-epoxyoctane. Biotechnol. Lett., 25,1775-1781. 

Zhao, X., Peng, F., Du, W., Liu, C., liu, D., 2012. Effects of some inhibitors on the growth and lipid accumulation of oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides and preparation of biodiesel by enzymatic transesterilication of the lipid. Bioprocess and Biosystems... 

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