Rhodamine B isothiocyanate

ABEI, M(4-ami nobutyl )-Methylisolu mi nol BSA, bovine serum albumin CL, chemiluminescence DNPO, tas-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)oxalate ECL, electrogenerated chemiluminescence EMMA, electrophoretically mediated microanalysis EY, eosine Y FR, lluorescamine HRP, horseradish peroxidase ILITC, isoluminol isothiocyanate LOD, limit of detection RITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate TCPO, Mv-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate TEA, triethylamine TRITC, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate. 

Consequently, the research work of Hara s group continued focusing on the improvement of protein determination using CE combined with online CL detection. By replacing EY by the Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) dye in the binary complexes formed with the proteins BSA or human serum albumin (HSA) and using a different imidazole buffer solution of pH 6, the sensitivity was increased [72], However, best detection limits for these determinations were found employing the tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate isomer (TRITC) dye, left for 4 h with a standard solution of BSA in acetonitrile followed by introduction into the capillary. For BSA, a detection limit of 6 nM was reached [73],... 

The red-emitting rhodamine derivatives are constructed around the same basic xanthene framework as is fluorescein (2). Tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) has been widely employed for immunofluorescence. Additional derivatives of rhodamine available for conjugation to antibodies include lissamine rhodamine sulfonyl chloride (RB-200-SC), rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC), rhodamine X isothiocyanate (XRITC), and Texas... 

The IFA is an immunoassay in which the antibody or antigen are labeled with a fluorescent probe. These can be direct or indirect (8, 41, 57). The IFA technique is usually used to locate cellular constituents. The commonly used fluorescent probes are rhodamine B isothiocyanate and fluorescein isothiocyanate. The sensitivity of the assay ranges in the ng/ml range. 

N -Iodoacetylethylenediamiwo)-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid N-(Iodoacetylaminoethyl)-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid N-(lodoacetylaminoethyl)-8-naphthylamine-l-sulfonic acid 7-(p-Methoxybenzylamino-4-nitro-benz-2-oxy-1,3-diazole N-3-Pyrene maleimide Quinacrine mustard Rhodamine B isothiocyanate... 

Abbreviations used FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate DTAF = dichloro-triazinylaminofluorescein, TRITC = tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, RB-200SC s lissamine rhodamine sulfonylchloride, RBITC = rhodamine B isothiocyanate, XRITC = rhodamine X isothiocyanate CY3.18 = cyanine 3.18, B-PE = B phycoerythrin, R-PE = R phycoerythrin SITS = 4-acetamido-4 -isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid, DAMC = diethylaminocoumarin, AMCA = 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid. Information obtained from refs. (2,9,10)... 

The red-emitting rhodamine derivatives are constructed around the same basic xanthene framework as is fluorescein (2). Tetramethyl-rhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) has been widely employed for immunofluorescence. Additional derivatives of rhodamine available for conjugation to antibodies include lissamine rhodamine sulfonyl chloride (RB-200-SC), rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC), rhodamine X isothiocyanate (XRITC), and Texas Red (Molecular Probes, Inc.). The spectra of XRITC and Texas Red are shifted to longer wavelengths compared to those of other rhodamines, which makes them particularly useful for combination with fluorescein in dual-labeling procedures see Section 5, below). Of the two, Texas Red, which is more hydrophilic and less likely to precipitate proteins upon conjugation (12), is more commonly employed. 

N-(CH3)2 tetramcthylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TMRITC) -N-(C2 115)2 rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC)... 

Hara, T., Nishida, H., Kayama, S., and Nakajima, R., Capillary zone electrophoretic separation of protein labeled with rhodamine B isothiocyanate and its on-line chemiluminescence detection. Bull. 

Rhodamine B isothiocyanate was adsorbed onto microcrystalline cellulose by two different methods deposition from ethanolic and aqueous solutions followed by solvent evaporation (Type I) and also fnim aqueous solutions in equilibrium with the powdered solid and following a dyeing protocol (Type II). Figure 38 displays the scheme of the dyeing procedure used to bind rhodamine molecules to microcrystalline cellulose [15]. 

Fig. 38. Schematic representation of the dyeing procedure of cellulose with rhodamine B isothiocyanate.

Fig. 39. Remission function values of rhodamine B isothiocyanate onto microcrystalline cellulose, normalized to the maximum of the absorption of the dye. Curve (1) is a T3 pe II sample with 0.035 /i.mol/g. Curve (2) is a Type I sample 0.030 /tmol/g . Curve (3) is...

Fig. 40. Variation of the fluorescence intensity of rhodamine B and rhodamine B isothiocyanate adsorbed onto microcrystalline cellulose measured as the total area under the corrected emission spectrum,, as a function of (1 — 7 )/dye. Curve (1)—Type I samples of rhodamine B prepared from ethanolic solutions. Curve (2)—Type I samples of the reactive dye prepared from ethanol. Curve (3)—Type I samples of the reactive dye prepared from water. Curve (4)—Type II or dyed samples. Samples from curves 3 and 4 were repeatedly washed after the initial solvent evaporation.

BARS concentration by some 5-fold to 15-fold, based on the calculations that the intracellnlar concentration is around 20 //g/ml and on the assumption that 5-10% of the cell volume is injected. Prior to injection, the protein is mixed with 0.4 mg/ml fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- or tetramethyl-rhodamine B isothiocyanate (TRITC)-labeled dextran (Molecnlar Probes) as a marker for the microinjected cells (Bonazzi et al., 2005). To give an example, in stndies of basolateral and apical transport (using the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and p75, respectively), the proteins were microinjected 1 h after the beginning of the 20° incubation in the transport assay. After injection, the cells were allowed to recover for 1 h before proceeding with the experimental protocol (Bonazzi et al, 2005). The BARS (p50-2) and dynamin (DYN2) antibodies were injected at 4.5 mg/ ml, 3 h before farther experimental procedures. 

Gao F, Wang L, Tang L, Zhu C (2005) A novel nano-sensor based on rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate - doped silica nanoparticles for pH measurement. Microchim Acta 152 131-135... 

Fig. 8. Separation profile of rhodamine-B isothiocyanate labeled lysine, glutamine, and glutamic acid, obtained 24 mm along the separation bed using the FFE chip shown in Fig. 7 with 50 V applied [42]. Sample 0.05 M labeled amino acids at 200 nLlmin, carrier pH 7 phosphate buffer (9.5 x 10 Q, cm O at 5 i LImin, side bed electrolyte pH 7phosphate buffer and 0.25 M sodium sulfate (35.5 x 10 Q cm )...

In this advancement, Mahmoud et al. investigated the effect of surface charge of fluorescent-labeled CNCs as chemically synthesized CNCs-fluorescein isothiocyanate (CNCs-FITC) and CNCs-rhodamine B isothiocyanate (CNCs-RBITC)) on cellular... 

---