Tetramethylrhodamine-5 -isothiocyanate

Figure 14.2. Chemical structures of some commonly used organic fluorescent probes 1, fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC) 2, tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate (TRITC) 3, 5-carboxyrhodamine B 4, rhodamine X isothiocyanate (XRITC) 5, malachite green isothiocyanate 6, eosin-5-isothiocyanate 7, 1-pyreneisothiocyanate 8, 7-dimethylaminocoumarin-4-acetic acid 9, CY5.180Su.

The following method is used to fluorescentiy label amine groups (present for example in lysines) with the rhodamine derivative tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate (TRUC excitation = 546 nm, emission 579 nm). Following this protocol a labelling efficiency of two to four moles of dye per mole of antibody is usually achieved. 

Fig. 20.1. Confocal images of whole mounts of the ovijector region of A suum stained with phalloidin-tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) to show muscle and with an anti-RFamide antiserum coupled to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to show FaRPergic nerves. (A) Main ventral nerve cord encircles opening of ovijector where it meets the body wall and is immunopositive for FaRPs. (B) Flat-fixed preparation of the ovijector showing circular muscles and tracts of parallel FaRPergic nerves (arrows). (C) Detail of the circular muscle of ovijector and associated nerves (arrows). (D) A FaRPergic cell body is localized in the ventral nerve cord at junction with ovijector and provides innervation to ovijector muscle.

ABEI, M(4-ami nobutyl )-Methylisolu mi nol BSA, bovine serum albumin CL, chemiluminescence DNPO, tas-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)oxalate ECL, electrogenerated chemiluminescence EMMA, electrophoretically mediated microanalysis EY, eosine Y FR, lluorescamine HRP, horseradish peroxidase ILITC, isoluminol isothiocyanate LOD, limit of detection RITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate TCPO, Mv-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate TEA, triethylamine TRITC, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate. 

Consequently, the research work of Hara s group continued focusing on the improvement of protein determination using CE combined with online CL detection. By replacing EY by the Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) dye in the binary complexes formed with the proteins BSA or human serum albumin (HSA) and using a different imidazole buffer solution of pH 6, the sensitivity was increased [72], However, best detection limits for these determinations were found employing the tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate isomer (TRITC) dye, left for 4 h with a standard solution of BSA in acetonitrile followed by introduction into the capillary. For BSA, a detection limit of 6 nM was reached [73],... 

TEP TL TLC TMB TMP TMP TMPG TNS TPB TRIS TRITC TTAB UA USDA-FSIS Triethylphosphine Total luminescence Thin layer chromatography T etramethylbenzidine 2,4,6,8-Tetrathiomorpholinopyrimido [5,4-d] pyrimidine Trimethylphosphine S S -Trimethoxyphenylglyoxal Potassium 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate Tetradecylpyridine bromide Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane Tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate Tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide Uric acid U.S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service... 

The red-emitting rhodamine derivatives are constructed around the same basic xanthene framework as is fluorescein (2). Tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) has been widely employed for immunofluorescence. Additional derivatives of rhodamine available for conjugation to antibodies include lissamine rhodamine sulfonyl chloride (RB-200-SC), rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC), rhodamine X isothiocyanate (XRITC), and Texas... 

Fluorescein isothiocyanate or tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (see Note 1) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. 

Figure 11.3 Brightness comparison for tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC), TRITC-doped silica nanoparticles (20 nm), and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (28 nm diameter).27 (Reprinted with permission from H. Ow et al., Nano Lett., 2005, 5, 113-117. Copyright 2005 American Chemical Society.)...

WGA-TRITC wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate... 

Fluoroscein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) are commercially available from, for example, Sigma Chemical Co. (Appendix 3). 

Most of the other fluorochromes for protein labeling (e.g., TRi TC-tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate) cannot be used for protein staining on nitrocellulose because these fluorescent reagents bind irreversibly to nitrocellulose. 

Abbreviations used FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate DTAF = dichloro-triazinylaminofluorescein, TRITC = tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, RB-200SC s lissamine rhodamine sulfonylchloride, RBITC = rhodamine B isothiocyanate, XRITC = rhodamine X isothiocyanate CY3.18 = cyanine 3.18, B-PE = B phycoerythrin, R-PE = R phycoerythrin SITS = 4-acetamido-4 -isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid, DAMC = diethylaminocoumarin, AMCA = 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid. Information obtained from refs. (2,9,10)... 

Figure 13.5 Confocal 3D reconstructions of Tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC)-labelled membrane scaffolds after 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 16 weeks incubation in lipase (a) Weight and FI loss of TRITC-labelled membranes during 16 weeks of lipase mediated degradation (b) (Adapted from Cunha-Reis, 2013).

Rabbit anti-(human immunoglobulin IgG) antibodies, horse anti-(rabbit immunoglobulin) antibodies, and ovalbumin, all labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, and goat anti-(rabbit immunoglobulin) antibodies labelled with tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate have been used with insolubilized antigens in new microfluorometric immunoassays. ... 

Phe, G)-Pro-L, poly-1-(Phe, Glu)-poly-l-Pro-poly-l-Lvs POL, polymerized flagellin PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone R anti-POL, rabbit-anti-POL antibody R anti-MIg, rabbit anti-mouse-Ig antibody Rd, tetramethylrhodamine (isothiocyanate)... 

Abbreviations (ConA) concanavalin A (DAPI) 4,6-diamidino 2 phenylindole (FITC) fluorescein isothiocyanate (PI) propidium iodide (py99) phosphotyrosine (TRITC) tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate. 

Tetramethylrhodamine-5-(and 6)-isothiocyanate (TRITC) is one of the most popular fluorescent probes available. The isothiocyanate derivative of tetramethylrhodamine is synthesized by... 

In the preparation of 15 nm core-shell fluorescent silica particles, Ow et al. (2004) reported that the naked core (2.2 nm) alone produced a fluorescence intensity of less than the free dye in solution, presumably due to dye quenching. However, upon addition of the outer silica shell around the core, the brightness of the particles increased to 30 times that of the free dye (using tetramethylrhodamine-5-(and 6)-isothiocyanate (TRITC)). They speculate that shell may protect the core from solvent effects, as evidenced by a lack of spectral shift upon changing the solvent in which the particles are suspended. 

---