Rheumatoid arthritis, drugs used

Culy CR, Keating GM. Etanercept. An updated review of its use in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 2002 62 2493-537. 

Siddiqui MA, Scott LJ. Infliximab a review of its use in Crohn s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 2005 65(15) 2179-208. 

Celecoxib is indicated for the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Its use is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or other NSAIDs. It should be used with caution in persons with hepatic disease. Interactions occur with other drugs that induce CYP2C9 (e.g. ri-... 

Plosker G, Croom K Sulfasalazine A review of its use in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 2006 65 1825. 

Prakash A, Jarvis B. Leflunomide A review of its use in active rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 1999 58 1137-1164. 

Chloroquine and other aminoquinolines are used in the prophylaxis or therapy of malaria and other parasitic diseases. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs in this class include chloroquine phosphate (Aralen ), amodiaquine hydrochloride (Camoquin ), hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil ), mefloquine (Lariam" ), primaquine phosphate, and quinacrine hydrochloride (Atabrine ). Chloroquine overdose is common, especially in countries where malaria is prevalent, and the mortality rate is 10-30%. Quinine toxicity is described on p 326. 

Gates BJ, Nguyen TT, Setter SM, devies NM (2005) Meloxicam a reappraisal of pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety. Expert Opin Pharmacother 6 2117-2140 Veber DF, Johnson SR, Cheng HY, Smith BR, Ward KW, Kopple KD (2002) Molecular properties that influenee the oral bioavailability of drug candidates. J Med Chem 45 2615-2623 Prakash A, Jarvis B (1999) Leflunomide a review of its use in active rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 58 1137-1164... 

MTX is part of curative therapeutic schedules for acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL), Burkitt s lymphoma, and choriocarcinoma. It was also used in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. High dose MTX with leucovorin rescue can induce about 30% remissions in patients with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. MTX is one of the few antineoplastic drugs that can be safely administered intrathecally for the treatment of meningeal metastases and leukemic infiltrations (routine prophylaxis in ALL). In addition, MTX can be used as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. 

The salicylates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) are important in the treatment of arthritic conditions. For example, the salicylates and NSAIDs are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (a chronic disease characterized by inflammatory changes within the body s connective tissue) and osteoarthritis (a noninflammatory joint disease resulting in degeneration of the articular cartilage and... 

The miscellaneous drugp are used to treat a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Ffenicillamine, methotrexate (MTX), and hydroxychloroquine are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in patients who have had an insufficient therapeutic response to or are intolerant of other antirheumatic drugp such as the sailcylates and NSAIDs. The Summary Drug Table Drug s Used to Tream Musculoskeletal Disorders provides additional information about these and other drug s. One compound, hylan G-F 20, listed in the Summary Drug Table is not used for rheumatoid arthritis, but rather, for osteoarthritis knee pain. It is a viscous, elastic... 

Brown, D.H. and Smith, W.E. (1980) The chemistry of the gold drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Chemical Society Reviews, 9, 217-239. 

Gold drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Perspectives on Bioinorganic Chemistry, 1,... 

Damage to connective caused by leakage of elastases leads to damage associated with inflammatory diseases, such as pulmonary emphysema, adult respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, cystic fibrosis, carcinogenesis, chronic bronchitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Compounds that directly inhibit elastase or its release from human neutrophils are of enormous pharmaceutical and cosmetological interest in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. A possible source for elastase inhibitors are the medicinal Asteraceae and Droseraceae, particularly those used as traditional medicine in Asia. 

Primaquine should be administered cautiously to actually ill patients with any serious systemic disease characterized by a tendency to granulocytopenia such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus erythematosus. The drug should be used with care in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Primaquine should be withdrawn if signs of haemolysis or methaemoglobinaemia occur and the blood... 

Gold salts have had a long history of use in rheumatoid arthritis.269,270 The development of orally active auranofin (also known as Ridaura (50), Figure 23) was a major improvement over the early injectable gold preparations which were polymeric (e.g., (51)—(53)). However, use has declined with the popularity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as indo-methacin a recent estimate of the commercial value for auranofin was 6 million. The mechanism... 

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