Retrieval using Keywords

After relevant entries have been retrieved using keywords, the Library of Congress Subject Headings can be reviewed, and if they appear to target the desired area, a search may be done using them. In many cases, though, the keyword will retrieve satisfactory results. 

Some of these programs, as well as many others, may be found and retrieved from the Internet by performing a search using keywords such as chemical kinetics computer codes or by visiting the homepage of various laboratories and universities, for example, the homepage of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 

To make your title informative, be as specific as possible and avoid words that do not convey the specific content of your study. Also, remember to use keywords in your title. Because keywords promote effective literature retrieval, they should be used liberally in the title. In the following examples, words that were listed as keywords in the abstract are italicized. 

Figure 5.7. Amino acid index databases for physicochemical properties. The physicochemical properties, conformational parameters, and mutational indexes can be retrieved from AAindex database using keyword search.

Information retrieval systems traditionally rely on textual keywords to index and retrieve documents. Keyword-based retrieval may return inaccurate and incomplete results when different keywords are used to describe the same concept in the documents and in the queries. Furthermore, the relationship between those related keywords may be semantic rather than syntactic, and capturing it thus requires access to comprehensive human world knowledge. Previous approaches have attempted to tackle these difficulties by using manually built thesauri, by relying on term co-occurrence data, or by extracting latent word relationships and concepts from a corpus. ESA introduced in the previous section, which represents the meaning of texts in a very high-dimensional space of... 

You can retrieve an intermediate structure from the output log file manually. Alternatively, you may use the Geom=(Check,Step=n) keyword to retrieve the structure corresponding to step n from a checkpoint file. 

Optimize the structure of acetyl radical using the 6-31G(d) basis set at the HF, MP2, B3LYP and QCISD levels of theory. We chose to perform an Opt Freq calculation at the Flartree-Fock level in order to produce initial force constants for the later optimizations (retrieved from the checkpoint file via OptsReadFC). Compare the predicted spin polarizations (listed as part of the population analysis output) for the carbon and oxygen atoms for the various methods to one another and to the experimental values of 0.7 for the C2 carbon atom and 0.2 for the oxygen atom. Note that for the MP2 and QCISD calculations you will need to include the keyword Density=Current in the job s route section, which specifies that the population analysis be performed using the electron density computed by the current theoretical method (the default is to use the Hartree-Fock density). 

The LI means that this is line one. Future answers from the system will number the lines in consecutive order. The 4 means that the system has four abstracts that contain the word semipinacol. The word may be in the title, an index entry, or a keyword. The search term may be the name of a compound, which means that individual compounds can be searched for in this way. If the name used is the CA indexing name, all the abstracts mentioning that compound will be retrieved. 

After the DR lines are the KW (KeyWord) lines, which list relevant key words that can be used to retrieve a specific subset of protein entries from the database ... 

In the bioinformatics realm, SRS (Sequence Retrieval System) [2] is a popular system, which uses a centralized collection of data resources primarily in flat text file form and, more recently, handles XML (Extensible Markup Language) files as well. Data resources are treated in a federated manner since each is maintained in its original form. However, SRS contains a large number of cross-references between corresponding fields in various data sources, so that keyword searches can be done across them. SRS thus performs more structured searches across the information than what a simple text search provides (such as web indexes perform, for example). Even though the data model implicit in the cross-reference tables is not very deep, SRS provides a useful way for users to browse and do simple queries across a large number of data sources as well as to integrate results from some computational methods. 

Online catalogs can be searched not only by the traditional author, title, and subject headings, but also by matching keywords in the title. Thus a title search for gun control will retrieve all books that have the word somewhere in their tide. (A book about gun control may not have that phrase in the title, so it is still necessary to use subject headings to get the most comprehensive results.)... 

The U.S. Code can be searched online in several locations, but the easiest site to use is probably the U.S. Code database at http //uscode.house. gov. The U.S. Code may also be found at Cornell Law School (a major provider of free online legal reference material) at http //www4.law. cornell.edu/ uscode/. The fastest way to retrieve a law is by its title and section citation, but phrases and keywords can also be used. 

Because formatting within an electronic resume is often minimal, what you say within your resume is what ultimately gets you hired. According to www.eresumes.com, "Keywords are the basis of the electronic search and retrieval process. They provide the context from which to search for a resume in a database, whether the database is a proprietary one that serves a specific purpose, or whether it is a web-based search engine that serves the general public. Keywords are a tool to browse quickly without having to access the complete text. Keywords are used to identify and retrieve resumes for the user. 

School at http //www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/. The fastest way to retrieve a law is by its title and section citation, but phrases and keywords can also be used. 

On TOXLINE, field names are identified by a two-letter mnemonic. A list of ETIC fields and their field identifiers on TOXLINE appears in Table 10. If the two-letter identifier is not used in searching, retrieval defaults to free-text searching of an index created by single words from all searchable fields. Thus, if one does not use identifiers, a search for acetylsalicylic acid must be worded ETIC AND ACETYLSALICYLIC AND ACID. Individual words in only the TI, KW, and AB fields are searchable via text words (TW). Indexing terms in most of the technical fields have been put into the keyword (KW) field. 

Most biochemical databases request the user to enter keywords to search/retrieve information concerning biomolecules (unless the identifiers of the compounds are known). The keyword is normally the IUBMB (International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) name or common name of the compound. In particular, the linkage and conformational designations of oligomeric compounds needs to be specified. The IUBMB nomenclature for biochemical compounds can be accessed from the IUBMB site at http //www.chem.qmw.ac.uk/iubmb/. Some useful databases for biochemical compounds are listed in Table 5.3. 

Widely used treatises and monographs on the theory and the applications of MRR-spectroscopy are available [8-//], also comprehensive reviews on all aspects of obtaining molecular structure from MRR-spectra [6,12,13], including rovib interactions [14] and the reliability of the results [15-17], Molecular structural and other data obtained from MRR spectroscopy have been compiled over the past decades [18,19], The most recent compilation is MOGADOC (short for Molecular Gas Phase Documentation ), a computerized database and retrieval system that is updated periodically and today contains more than 20,000 references, which were critically selected and evaluated by means of keywords. Included is work done by MRR-spectroscopy, electron diffraction of gases, and molecular radio astronomy the documentation refers to more than 6000 compounds. As an additional feature, MOGADOC contains explicit numerical data on the structure of approximately 2000 compounds. A detailed description can be found in ref. [20],... 

As evidenced by the over 360 references retrieved from SciFinder with the keywords coumarins high performance liquid chromatography , a variety of approaches have been used for the separation of coumarins. Coumarins have been separated by RP-HPLC, 46 47 188"192 HP-NPC,193-198 HP-IEX,199 and/or HP-AC.24 The dominant mode for the separation of coumarins is HP-RPC and to a lesser extent HP-NPC, used in conjunction with UV and MS detection. 

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