Resveratrol smooth muscle cell proliferation

Effects of Resveratrol on Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. 150... 

Coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in the United States and other developed countries. Epidemiological studies suggest that decreased mortality from coronary heart disease is associated with moderate consumption of alcohol, and especially of red wine [7], Numerous studies indicate that resveratrol inhibits platelet aggregation [8-10, 12, 16, 54, 55], alters eicosanoid synthesis [15, 55], modulates lipoprotein mechanisms [14, 56-58], inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation [59], and acts as an estrogen receptor agonist [60]. On the other hand, at least one earlier study indicated that it promoted atherosclerotic development, rather than protected against it, by a mechanism that appeared to be independent of observed... 

Resveratrol can also prevent the initial events of atherosclerosis in endothelial cells by inhibition of the enzymatic systems producing reactive oxygen species, such as NADPH oxidase and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase, and by the inhibition of both the expression of adhesion molecules and the monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells [167]. Moreover, red wine polyphenols, in particular E-resveratrol, have been shown to inhibit the proliferation and the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in intima, notably involved in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques [173]. In fact, resveratrol specifically blocks the mTOR pathway, which is activated by oxidized LDL, and regulates the proliferation of smooth muscle cells [174]. Other stilbenoids have been shown to exert an activity on this target as well. For example, pterostilbene inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation... 

In addition to changes in expression of adhesion molecules, polyphenols have been shown to affect other risk factors for CVD. For example, several polyphenols, including quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol have been shown to inhibit vascnlar smooth muscle cell proliferation [46 9] and can modulate the response of platelets to thrombin and other agents [50-52]. 

Lee B, Moon SK. 2005. Resveratrol inhibits TNF-alpha-induced proliferation and matrix metalloproteinase expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. J Nutr... 

Proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is one of the hallmarks of atherosclerosis. Red wine polyphenols hinder the proliferation and migration of cultured SMCs stimulated by growth factors through inhibition of PI3K activity and p38 (MAPK) phosphorylation.In support, resveratrol reversibly arrests VSMC proliferation in early S phase of the cycle. Recent studies on SMCs demonstrate the anti-atherogenic actions of resveratrol via its ability to inhibit the autocrine secretion and the mitogenic effects of endothelin-... 

Wang, Z. et al. (2006) Regulation of proliferation and gene expression in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells by resveratrol and standardized grape extracts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 346 (1), 367-376... 

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