Reactive oxygen species produced

Inhibition and stimulation of LOX activity occurs as a rule by a free radical mechanism. Riendeau et al. [8] showed that hydroperoxide activation of 5-LOX is product-specific and can be stimulated by 5-HPETE and hydrogen peroxide. NADPH, FAD, Fe2+ ions, and Fe3+(EDTA) complex markedly increased the formation of oxidized products while NADH and 5-HETE were inhibitory. Jones et al. [9] also demonstrated that another hydroperoxide 13(5)-hydroperoxy-9,ll( , Z)-octadecadienoic acid (13-HPOD) (formed by the oxidation of linoleic acid by soybean LOX) activated the inactive ferrous form of the enzyme. These authors suggested that 13-HPOD attached to LOX and affected its activation through the formation of a protein radical. Werz et al. [10] showed that reactive oxygen species produced by xanthine oxidase, granulocytes, or mitochondria activated 5-LOX in the Epstein Barr virus-transformed B-lymphocytes. 

An interesting example of DNA damage by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide produced by microbes has been recently described by Huycke et al. [49]. These authors have showed that reactive oxygen species produced by Enterococcus faecalis, a microorganism of the human intestinal tract, oxidized DNA in Chinese hamster ovary and intestinal epithelial cells. 

Reactive oxygen species produced in mitochondria are inactivated by a set of protective enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. 

Spickett CM, Jerlich A, Panasenko OM, Amhold J, Pitt AR, Stelmaszynska T, Schaur RJ (2000) The Reactions of Hypochlorous Acid, the Reactive Oxygen Species Produced by Myeloperoxidase, with Lipids. Acta Biochim Pol 47 889... 

Elliott BM, Elcombe CR. 1985. Effects of reactive oxygen species produced by peroxisome proliferation in the livers of rats. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 26 72. 

In addition to DNA adducts that occur as a result of covalent binding of reactive intermediates generated by oxidation or conjugation of parent compounds to DNA, reactive oxygen species produced during xenobiotic metabolism can also react with nucleophilic biomolecules. 

NADPH oxidase activity has also been demonstrated in a wide variety of cells other than macrophages, where it is not involved in cytotoxic action against engulfed microorganisms. It seems likely that reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase have a role in cell signaling, possibly as part of the mechanism of apoptosis. 

Rao SD, Yin HZ, Weiss JH. 2003. Disruption of glial glutamate transport by reactive oxygen species produced in motor neurons. J Neurosci 23 2627-2635. 

Since it is well recognized that reactive oxygen species produced by activated phagocytes are involved in inflammatory processes and can contribute to cell and tissue damage either directly or through activation of proteases,116... 

CHEMILUMINESCENT AND BIOLUMINESCENT ANALYSIS OF PLANT CELL RESPONSES TO REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCED BY A NEW WATER CONDITIONING APPARATUS EQUIPPED WITH TITANIA-COATED PHOTO-CATALYTIC FIBERS... 

Brezov, V., Gabcova, S., Dvoranova, D., and Stasko, A. (2005) Reactive oxygen species produced upon photoexcitation of sunscreens containing titanium dioxide (an EPR study). /. Photodiem. Photobiol. B Biol., 79, 121-134. 

Reactive oxygen species produced by several stimuli are now recognized as... 

Reactive oxygen species produced through cellular transport chain of mitochondria... 

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