Respiratory protection types

Respiratory protective devices - Self-contained closed-circuit breathing apparatus, compressed oxygen or compressed oxygen-nitrogen type. Requirements, testing, marking. Supersedes BS 7170 1990 and BS EN 145-2 1993... 

Health Hazards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment Acid-vapor-type respiratory protection rubber gloves chemical worker s goggles other equipment as necessary to protect skin and eyes Symptoms Following Exposure Inhalation irritates mucous membranes. Contact with liquid causes severe bums of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes severe burns of mouth and stomach General Treatment for Exposure Get medical attention following all Exposures to this compound. 

Medically evaluating, training, qualifying, and fit-testing workers for specific respirator types, checking 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, for any special respiratory protection requirements (e.g., for asbestos, lead, or cadmium) [3]... 

We discuss respirators as part of PPE later in this chapter. We also provide figures of a variety of different types of respiratory protective devices. 

FIGURE 9-22. Components of airline-type respiratory protection, level B. Photo Courtesy 3M... 

Level C protection should be selected when the type of airborne substance(s) is known, concentration is measured, criteria for using air-purifying respirators are met, and skin and eye exposure are unlikely. It involves a full face piece, air-purifying, canister-equipped respirator and chemical-resistant clothing. This level of protection provides the same degree of skin protection as Level B, but a lower level of respiratory protection. 

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION CONCENTRATION RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT < 5.2 (as mixture i.e., 3.7 mg/m3 DETA and 1.5 mg/m3 EGME)NIOSH approved full face piece respirators with an organic vapor canister will be on hand for escape. (M9, M17, M40 series gas masks are acceptable for this purpose. Other masks certified as equivalent maybe used.) NIOSH approved escape type SCBA can also be used >5.2 or concentration unknownNIOSH approved full face piece pressure demand SCBA. Or NIOSH approved full-face piece positive pressure, supplied-air respirators with auxiliary SCBA... 

As indicated above, the type of respiratory protective equipment to be used depends, among other factors, on the nature of the hazard. 

Some types of expls and tracers or igniter compns give off toxic fumes when destroyed by burning. Proper respiratory protective equipment, such as hose masks, airline masks, and self -contained breathing apparatus should be worn where such fumes are likely to be encountered... 

Personnel protective equipment may be used in certain circumstances where exposure to airborne particulates contaminated with chemical carcinogens could occur. In those situations, personnel should be equipped with a complete clothing change, as well as respiratory protection selected on the basis of work performed, type of chemical used, and containment equipment. The respiratory protection may be a face mask, respirator [selected from those approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)] (4, 5), or emergency breathing air system. In the latter case, a head hood or a complete protective suit may be used with a breathing air supply system. Figure 2. 

This type of respirator supplies clean air from cylinders that you carry, usually on your back. This lets you move more freely and over a wider area than you can with a supplied-air respirator. Get training from competent instructors before using any type of respiratory protection, especially self-contained breathing equipment. These devices contain a limited air supply (usually about 30 minutes), which may be used up even more quickly in high temperatures or with excessive exertion. Figure 6.13 shows the different air-supplying respirators, the airline and self-contained breathing apparatus. 

The fact that these concentrations have been measured does not mean that occupational exposures occur persons may use respiratory protection equipped to prevent exposure. All persons who have excessive occupational exposure to isocyanates may experience primary irritant effects in the respiratory tract depending on the extent of excessive exposure. Brief accidental exposures to concentrations of isocyanates tenfold or more above the TLV may cause short term respiratory irritation with recovery 24-48 hours following cessation of exposure. Continuing repeated workday exposures several-fold higher than the TLV can cause chronic respiratory irritation. All individuals will not suffer the same degree of respiratory irritation from excessive exposures due to individual biochemical and physiological differences. Studies have shown that on the order of five percent of persons who have had an occupational exposure to TDI develop a bronchial asthmatic type of response to subsequent exposures that are below concentrations causing any detectable primary irritation. 

C. In general, individuals in the vicinity of the incident should wear some type of respiratory protection, cover exposed skin, decontaminate as soon as possible, and submit bioassay samples for analysis. 

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