Research clear octane number

RONC = research octane number clear (without telraediyl lead)... 

Research octane number, clear Motor octane number, clear... 

Figure 4. Research and motor octane numbers (clear) for equilibrium conversions for C5 and C6 isomerization. Motor octane number curves estimated from data presented by Erickson et al. (24). Basic information contained in Figure 3...

For resin/BF3 catalyst, the above process variables also affect alkylate quality. However, with the resin/ BF3 catalyst, the surface area of resin in addition to the functional group of the resin, may also play an important role in directing alkylation. Some results illustrating the effect of the resin s surface area on alkylate quality are shown in Table III. clearly, increasing the resin s surface area improves the alkylate quality both in terms of the fraction of trimethyl-pentanes in the C5+ alkylate and the clear research octane number (RON) of the C5+ alkylate. 

At 0°C and higher, mixtures of butyl sulfate and acid were however, unstable resulting in the formation of both a hydrocarbon phase and acid-soluble hydrocarbons. In these tests, the original mixture was allowed to warm up without agitation. When the mixture was warmed to room temperature, the relatively clear acid phase darkened in color within about one minute furthermore, a colorless hydrocarbon phase began to form. After 8-10 minutes, no further visual changes were noted. The hydrocarbon phase was analyzed and found to contain in each case 5-10% Isobutane, and the remainder was a mixture of all Isoparaffins found in alkylates (see Table I) it was essentially a low-quality (about 87-90 research octane number) hydrocarbon mixture. The acidity of the final acid indicated that 3-4% acid-soluble hydrocarbons were present in It calculations Indicated that approximately 20-40% of the Initial olefin (used to produce the butyl sulfate) had reacted to form acid-soluble hydrocarbons. 

The foregoing discussion has shown, however, that the molecular structure of the parent alkane profoundly affects the distribution of the intermediate products of its cool-flame oxidation and clearly, there is a strong correlation between the distribution, the degree of branching of the carbon skeleton, the rate of formation of the hydroperoxyalkyl radicals and the Research Octane Number of the alkane. 

The hydrocarbon yields shown represent those expected averaged over the useful life of the ZSM-5 catalyst. Finished gasoline contains C4 s for vapor pressure control. For an 82.7 kPa (12 psi) RVP (Reid Vapor Pressure) finished gasoline, the yield is 86 wt% of hydrocarbons and the clear Research octane number is 93. Additional gasoline could be made by alkylating the propene and butenes produced with isobutane. As the amount of alkylate would be low, its manufacture would most likely be considered only for very large plants. 

To evaluate the effect of lead antiknock restrictions, we have developed a general relationship of aromatic content to Research octane number for both unleaded gasolines and the clear base stocks of leaded regular gasolines, as shown in Figure 1. These curves are the same as in our earlier paper (1). The lower unleaded-fuel curve was developed from data on commercial gasolines. Although the relationship is expressed by a line, in actuality it is a rather broad band. There are, of... 

Fig. 17. Sometimes trends in the training data can be revealed by looking at score cluster plots. This plot shows the sample scores of the first two principal components of the training set data for the same model in Fig. 15. The data are clearly split into two separate clusters indicating two different types of samples. After careful examination of the sample concentration values, it was determined that the clusters do not represent the low and high concentrations of research octane number. It was later discovered that the spectra had been collected at different times by two different analysts.

Research Octane Number ( C or clear indicates lead free) Reid Vapor Pressure (psi)... 

Used as "clear Motor method with the clear Research octane numbers, and as "leaded with the "leaded columns. 

The process data are summarized in Table XI. The operation was conducted at a pressure of 250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 934° F. The depentanized liquid product was fractionated into three cuts called preaviation, aviation, and postaviation blending agents. The yields of these three products were 22.8, 33.5, and 12.6 volume %, respectively. The aviation blending agent had an F-3 blending octane number (1-C) of 100 and an F-4 blending index number (3-C) of 216. The clear research oc-... 

A very high octane ceiling. Debutanized gasolines with an octane number of over 95 Research clear have been produced, with attendant carbon yields of less than 0.4%. Such octane numbers come about largely because of the ability of the process to produce... 

The significance of the equilibrium relationships become more apparent to the refiner when the unleaded research and motor octane values for each carbon group are volumetrically blended and plotted vs. temperature. Such a curve is shown in Figure 4. The sensitivity for the C5 and C6 paraffins is about 1-2 numbers on a clear basis vs. 10-13 for the C6 naphthenes. All of the octane numbers for these components are shown in Table IV. 

In Figure 5.4, the temperature required to produce 100 research clear octane number reformate is shown as a function of time on stream in the reforming of a 99-17VC boiling range naphtha containing approximately 43, 45, and 12% by volume, respectively, of cycloalkanes, alkanes, and aromatic... 

Catalyst pellets, x 3 in., with molybdena content from 6 to 15 % were used to reform a heavy virgin mixed naphtha with a research clear octane number of 39, a 240-430° F boiling range (ASTM), and a sulfur content near 0.1%. Pilot-plant studies were made at 488 to 530° and 250 psi. The feed rate was 1.0 volume of oil per volume of catalyst per hour and the hydrogen addition rate, 2500 SCF/Bbl. Activity and yield studies were made with the cogelled catalysts whereas activity determinations only were made on the impregnated catalysts. 

Table 4-19. Computation of Clear Octane Number (Research) of...

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