Naphtha boiling range

The petroleum ether solvents are a specific-boiling-range naphtha, as is ligroin. Thus, the term petroleum solvent describes a special liquid hydrocarbon fraction obtained from naphtha and used in industrial processes and formulations (Weissermel and Arpe, 1978). These fractions are also referred to as industrial naphtha. Other solvents include white spirit, which is subdivided into industrial spirit [distilling between 30 and 200°C (86 to 392°F)] and white spirit [light oil with a distillation range of 135 to 200°C (275 to 392°F)]. The special value of naphtha as a solvent lies in its stability and purity. 

In Figure 5.4, the temperature required to produce 100 research clear octane number reformate is shown as a function of time on stream in the reforming of a 99-17VC boiling range naphtha containing approximately 43, 45, and 12% by volume, respectively, of cycloalkanes, alkanes, and aromatic... 

Figure 5.4 Data on the reforming of a 99-17fC boiling range naphtha showing the temperature required to produce 100 octane number product as a function of time on stream for alumina-supported platinum, platinum-rhenium, and platinum-iridium catalysts at 14.6 atm pressure (2,7).

In such a combined catalyst operation, the high activity characteristic of a platinum-iridium catalyst can be obtained. At the same time, the C5+ reformate yield will be more nearly equivalent to that of a platinum-rhenium catalyst in those cases where the latter has a yield advantage over a platinum-iridium catalyst, that is, in the reforming of wide boiling range naphthas. 

Cyclohexane is a petroleum product obtained by distilling C4- 400°F boiling range naphthas, followed by fractionation and superfractionation also formed by catalytic hydrogenation of benzene. It is used extensively as a solvent for lacquers and resins, as a paint and varnish remover, and in the manufacture of adipic acid, benzene, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexanone. 

Extended naphtha reforming studies A 320-430 K boiling range naphtha was used to compare Pt-Ir, Pt-Re, and Pt-Sn catalysts, in a 20-h test (76). It was found that the yields of xylenes, toluene, benzene, and total aromatic hydrocarbons in the liquid reformate are consistently higher for the Pt-Ir and Pt-Re catalysts than for Pt-Sn catalyst. Between Pt-Re and Pt-Ir catalysts, the yields are comparable for the extended period (20 h). However in another study (80), that included Pt, Pt-Ge, Pt-Sn, and Pt-Re, in 100 h test, it was found that initially the toluene production decreases in the following order Pt > Pt-Re > Pt-Ge > Pt-Sn. At 100 h time-on-stream and the toluene production decreases in the following order Pt-Sn > Pt-Ge > Pt-Re > Pt. The Pt-Sn becomes the more active for toluene production after 20-30 h on stream. 

The naphtha fraction is dorninated by saturates having lesser amounts of mono- and diaromatics (Table 2, Eig. 4). Whereas naphtha (ibp to 210°C) covers the boiling range of gasoline, most raw petroleum naphtha molecules have a low octane number and most raw naphtha is processed further, to be combined with other process naphthas and additives to formulate commercial gasoline. 

Naphtha Any liquid hydrocarbon material boiling in the gasoline boiling range... 

Secondary raw materials, or intermediates, are obtained from natural gas and crude oils through different processing schemes. The intermediates may be light hydrocarbon compounds such as methane and ethane, or heavier hydrocarbon mixtures such as naphtha or gas oil. Both naphtha and gas oil are crude oil fractions with different boiling ranges. The properties of these intermediates are discussed in Chapter 2. 

Naphtha is a generic term normally used in the petroleum refining industry for the overhead liquid fraction obtained from atmospheric distillation units. The approximate boiling range of light straight-run naphtha (LSR) is 35-90°C, while it is about 80-200°C for heavy straight-run naphtha (HSR). ... 

Gaseous C3-C4 olefins, which constituted one-third of the syncrude, were oligomerized to liquid products, mainly in the naphtha boiling range, to boost motor gasoline production. 

To meet the demands of a variety of uses, certain basic naphtha grades are produced, which are identified by boiling range. The complete range of naphtha solvents may be divided, for convenience, into fonr general categories ... 

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