Representative Papers

Some representative papers on chemical vapour deposition, ceramic and ceramic matrix composites and related area are listed here  

Chemical vapour deposition of refractory metals and ceramics. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, ppl99-204 

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Fig. 2. Materials generated in the municipal waste stream from 1960 to 1995 (% of total generation), where (H) represents paper and paperboard, (H)...

Because there are so many similar applications, only representative papers will be discussed here. A thorough search in Chemical Abstracts, Ovid, or any number of databases should find many more good references on this topic. These papers will be loosely broken into categories such as biomass, although there is inevitable crossover. 

The literature concerning electrochemical sensors, where lead electrochemistry can be applied, is extremely vast. Therefore, only some representative papers will be presented. More information can be found in recent reviews [420-423]. 

Spectral data (Amax and AE, and e x 10 3) for the pyrimidine bases investigated in a few representative papers are collected in Table XXVIII. The absorption bands are denoted by the capital letters A, B, C, etc. In Table XXVIII we have listed the results of the vacuum ultraviolet measurements by Yamada and Fukutome428 (cf. also ref. 429), who measured the spectra of sublimed films of cytosine, thymine, uracil (and also of guanine and adenine) down to 120 nm at room temperature. Several remarkable absorption peaks were found below 190 nm in addition to the already known ones near 260 and 200 nm. A weak absorption at 230-240 nm in cytosine was not indicated in the sublimed films of the molecule,428 but was visible in the stretched polyvinyl alcohol film spectrum.432 Crewe et al.i3° studied the interactions of fast electrons with the five nucleic acid bases and measured the energy-loss spectra of 20 keV electrons transmitted through thin films of these bases. These last data are also listed in Table XXVIII for comparison with the other spectral findings. 

Direct determination of urea pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography has been widely reported in the literature (10,32-36,127-130). Ultraviolet detection has often been used (32,33,35,36,60,127) with usually acceptable sensitivity, although this detector is nonspecific and the sensibility is, in general, low. To overcome this problem, several techniques have been assayed, such as precolumn enrichment (60), postcolumn derivatization (34,10), and the use of other detection techniques such as the electrochemical (129), photoconductivity (128,130), and fluorescence detectors (9,10,34). Table 9 summarizes representative papers using these techniques in HPLC analysis. 

Thousands of articles have been published on Li electrochemistry and Li battery technology in leading electrochemistry journals, most of which cannot be covered in a single chapter. However, we list representative papers on Li electrochemistry, divided into different subjects ... 

This chapter remains relatively confined to some recent and significant reports. There is no gainsaying the fact that there are a vast number of studies based on the abovementioned class of reactions. But, at the same time, one has to accept the fact that all those reports cannot be included in the present chapter due to restrictions of space and being reasonably comprehensive. Therefore, this study presents and discusses the findings of representative papers, publications and reports in these fields. 

The values for hyponitrbus esters are approximately normal. A list of some representative papers on the parachor is appended. ... 

Examples of thermodynamic calculations are discussed by Kelley 181 y 18Sy 184) (italic numbers in parentheses refer to the bibliography on page 227) in his pioneer bulletins on practical applications of thermodynamics. Other examples are detailed by Brewer and coworkers (36), More recently. Margrave (333) has presented the advantages of the free energy function in thermodynamic calculations. In the hydrocarbon field, representative papers by Rossini and coworkers (103, 189y 339) demonstrate the value of thermodynamics for the petroleum industry. 

Although DFT methods for calculating NMR chemical shifts are still rather young, some standards have already been established. This became possible because systematic studies of the accuracy of the methods in the field have been made by Biihl (91,93), by Kaupp (92,94), by Oldfield and coworkers (95), and by Schreckenbach, Ziegler, et al. (90,96). The most important conclusions of some representative papers shall shortly be summarized. We want to point out, however, that the calculation of NMR parameters for TM compounds is not a trivial task and that it is wise to consult an expert prior to running calculations. Also, much progress can be expected in the next couple of years, which may soon outdate the present recommendations. Yet, it is helpful to see what accuracy can already be expected from present standard methods. 

To our knowledge, with two exceptions [50, 51] only semiempirical CNDO [52, 53], MNDO [54], AMI [49, 55], PM3 [41], or DFT [56, 57] methods have been applied in cyclodextrin QC. A few representative papers showing the applications of QC in CyDs studies will now be discussed briefly. 

This chapter presents a modest overview of the considerable literature covering supply chain management (SCM), information and communication technologies (ICTs), e-commerce, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The reviewed papers include the perspectives of all sized firms. Since large firms have led in SCM, and continue to do so, much can be learned from their experiences and their influence over other chain members. The literature on SCM is vast, so only a few representative papers are reviewed. There is much less literature dealing with SMEs hence... 

Although most attention has been directed toward the analysis of leaves or storage tissues, data are available for other plant tissues such as roots and shoots. In general, the high linolenic acid content of leaves is replaced by linoleic acid in roots. In addition, phosphatidylcholine becomes relatively more abundant as the contribution toward total acyl lipids made by the chloroplastic galactosylglycerolipids, sulfolipid, and phosphatidylglyc-erol declines. A few representative papers are those by Body (1974), Cher-rad et al. (1974), Jarvis and Duncan (1974), and Sukhija et al., (1976). 

Numerous reports regarding the biocompatibility of PG and PGL have appeared in the literature since the introduction of Vicryl suture in the 1970s. The reader is referred to four representative papers which give details of the biocompatibUity of PG and PGL in rabbits, dogs and rats (Winet et al, 1995 Riddick et al., 1977 Case et al, 1976 Craig et al, 1975 Lautiainen et al, 1994). 

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