REMEDY cycle

The experimental diffraction data were analyzed by a combined technique involving Rietveld analysis, the maximum entropy method (MEM), and MEM-based pattern fitting (MPF) [10-15]. Rietveld analysis, which is used to refine the crystal structure from the powder diffraction data by a least squares method, was carried out using the RIETAN-2000 program [27], which yields structure factors and their errors after structural refinement. It is known that MEM can be used to obtain a nuclear density distribution map based on neutron structure factors and their errors [5, 6, 8, 10-15, 26-29] any type of complicated nuclear density distribution is allowed so long as it satisfies the symmetry requirements. MEM calculations were carried out using the PRIMA program [29]. To reduce the bias imposed by the simple structural model in the Rietveld refinement, an iterative procedure known as the REMEDY cycle [29] was applied after MEM analysis (Fig. 6.3). In this procedure, structure factors... 

Fig. 6.3 Flow chart of the combined technique involving Rietveld analysis, MEM and MPF. The REMEDY cycle, in which MEM and MPF are performed alternately and repeatedly, improves the reliability of the nuclear density. Fo(Rietveld) is the observed structure factor obtained from the Rietveld analysis. FcfMEM) is the structure factor calculated from the MEM nuclear density. /b(MPF) is the observed structure factor, which is obtained from the MPF analysis...

The breathing cycle for meditation is as follows. Empty your lungs, then inhale deeply to a count of four. Hold the breath for a count of two, then exhale completely to a count of four. Retain the tightened diaphragm for two counts, then inhale to a count of four. This number-count should be your own, matched to your lungs capacity. One person s breath cycle may be quicker than another s. Listen to your breath cycle. It should be almost inaudible. If your breath cycle is noisy, it is not being performed correctly. The remedy is to slow the cycle down. Once you are seated for meditation, establish this breath cycle of four-two-four. Once you have consciously performed it for six full cycles of inhalation and exhalation, then dismiss it from the mind and mentally move on to the next phase of the meditation. 

During remediation, contaminant levels decrease until they achieve an asymptotic level. Once asymptotic conditions are reached for several successive sampling periods, continuing remediation activities generally result in little further decrease in contaminant reduction. However, frequently when active remediation is halted, levels of dissolved contaminants abruptly increase (rebound). This increase is the result of the diffusion into solution of contaminants that were previously adsorbed onto the surface of the aquifer media. Sometimes more efficient cleanup is achieved by operating the remediation system on a cycle of several days on and several days off. Cyclic operation allows the operator to time the remediation to treatment of the higher rebound concentrations. 

Effective design of a remediation system for dissolved hydrocarbons in groundwater requires consideration of more than only the effectiveness of the technological process involved. At many sites a variety of techniques are capable of completing the cleanup. However, design of a project that is efficient in all aspects — technically, in terms of time, and economically — requires an evaluation of the entire life cycle of the project from inception to closure. Typically, at sites where remediation is expected to continue over a 4-year project life, operation and maintenance account for between 50 and 80% of the total project cost. These percentages increase each year thereafter. The principal components of operation and maintenance are power, labor, and parts. Identification and quantification of these components are critical to the overall cost of a project. 

Hazards in product environmental cycle Remedial clean-up Green process engineering Green product engineering... 

India. Infusion of the inflorescence is taken orally every morning for 3 days, coinciding with the menstrual cycle for leukorrhea and problems associated with the menstrual cycle " ". A dose of 50 g daily of a mixture of Cocos nucifera fruit and Ficus benghalensis latex is taken for 3 months to increase sexual potency in men " ". Fruit is taken orally as a remedy for tapeworms " ". Indonesia. Coconut oil is applied externally to treat wounds and injuries by the ethnic group of Ngada ". Shell is used as incense " . Hot water extract of the root is taken orally for fever, bloody diarrhea, and... 

One conclusion from the SITE evaluation was that the cost of the technology is small compared to the benefits of enhanced remediation and the reduced number of wells needed to complete the remediation (D10054P, p. iv). In addition, the DOE concluded that hydraulic fractioning decreased the time required to cleanup a site due to more efficient contaminant removal. As a result, the maintenance and operating costs over the life cycle of the project also decreased (D183771, section 5 p. 2). 

The 10-year unit cost is the cost per pound of VOCs remediated over the 10-year hfe cycle of the equipment. 

The Thermatrix, Inc., PADRE process is a commercial, off-gas treatment technology that purifies airstreams contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The PADRE vapor treatment process traps VOCs using filter beds that contain a proprietary resin. This regenerative adsorption method involves an on-line treatment bed for infiuent air, while another bed undergoes a desorption cycle. PADRE often works in conjunction with soil vapor extraction or air stripping systems. The PADRE process can be applied at site remediation projects, industrial wastewater facilities, and industrial air processing sites. 

---