Relative ranking techniques

Relative Ranking Techniques (DOW and MOND Hazard Indices) - This method assigns relative penalites and awards points for hazards and protection measures respectivesly in a checklist accounting form. The penalties and award points are combined into an index which is an indication of the relative ranking of the plant risk. 

As the project progresses, more information is available therefore, the review technique used can be different at each stage of the project. The use of various hazard evaluation techniques, such as checklist analyses, relative rankings, what-if analyses, ana hazard and operabil-... 

An important simplifying consequence of the use of inverted concentration ratios is that the reaction is independent of O2 concentration, which means that unintended 02 contamination should not distort the data. Because of the complexity of the reaction, the relatively new technique of Matrix Rank Analysis was used to sort out the speciation. This analysis led to the identification of two sulfur-containing intermediates [Fe2(0H)S03]3+ and [Fe(S03]+. Other reactant species known to be present under these conditions include S02, HS03, Fe3+, Fe(OH)2+, and... 

Griest (1979) has discussed the effects of inflation on profitability analysis and has pointed out that the percentage change in profits after income taxes rarely increases at the rate of inflation, largely due to the effects of taxation. Assumptions about inflation can change the relative ranking of project alternatives based on net present value special techniques based on probability may be required because inflation is difficult to predict. 

The scenarios are used to rank the architecture qualitatively based on how well it handles the requirement, such as the number of components changed. Also, if scenarios that are largely independent affect common components, the responsibilities of those components may need reconsideration. Scenario-based evaluation is a relatively new technique, and we merely mention it here. 

Quahtative techniques are comparatively cheap and readily appUed but are unable to provide numerical estimates and therefore relative ranking of identified risks. Semi quantitative techniques allow some relative... 

Since surface-enchanced Raman scattering spectroscopy is still a relatively new technique, its theory and experimental conditions have not yet been completed. Much experimental and theoretical work will have to be undertaken to enable the data to be evaluated more precisely and more quantitatively. Only then will it be possible to assume that this technique might be ranked with other physical techniques suitable for structural studies such as normal solution Raman or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrophotometry. The two latter techniques can provide information about the structure of molecules at the level of single atoms, but to carry out solution Raman or NMR spectrometry experiments relatively very high concentrations of the compound are needed. SERS or SERRS could be one way of overcoming this problem, which is particularly inconvenient in the case of analysis of most biomacromolecules by physical or physico-chemical techniques. 

Many investigators have traditionally avoided the use of statistical techniques because the added reliability did not seem to offset the effort and time required to become familiar with the methodology or to perform the necessary calculations. Most often, the results must be interpreted in terms of relative rankings. Such interpretations can be subjective and depend much on the judgment of the investigator. 

Experimental mea.surement of relative volatility. Rank candidate solvents by the increase in relative volatility caused by the addition of the solvent. One technique is to experimentally measure the relative volatility of a fixed-composition key component-solvent mixture (often a 1/1 ratio of each key, with a 1/1 to 3/1 solvent/key ratio) for various solvents. [Carlson et al., Jnd. Eng. Chem., 46, 350 (1954)]. The Oth-... 

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