Refrigerated storage requirements

Steels lose their ductihty at low temperatures and can become subject to brittle failure. There are specific requirements for metals to be used for refrigerated storage tanks in API 620, Appendices Q and R. 

Refrigeration is required for the cold storage rooms and to provide chilled water for the plate heat exchangers. The cellars are very wet areas, and the cooling plant should be designed to maintain as low a humidity as possible, to help preserve the building structure. 

In some facilities, there is a need for refrigerated storage of one or more flammable or combustible raw materials, catalysts, intermediate products, or finished goods. These materials may be in solid or liquid form in containers, boxes, drums, or small portable tanks. Depending on quantity of materials to be stored and required temperature, these facilities can range from cold storage warehouses for storage of food products to walk-in freezer rooms for pharmaceutical materials. 

Most of the developmental research and production of UHT sterile milk, which does not require refrigerated storage, has been in Europe, where home refrigeration is minimal. Until now, the U.S. dairy industry has been slow to promote this new product, since home refrigeration is universally available and the consumer is not accustomed to its highly heated flavor. 

SW-846 storage requirements. The temperature in the refrigerators and walk-in coolers is measured and recorded daily it is adjusted if deviations are observed. Only laboratory personnel have access to sample storage areas, which are locked during non-business hours as a security measure. Laboratory personnel retrieve samples from cold storage only for the purpose of analysis. The laboratory will keep expired analyzed samples in cold storage for a short period of time (usually 2-4 weeks) and then will dispose of them in a legally responsible manner. 

The advantage of cold-stirred jams is that the fruit flavour is retained better than in boiled products. The disadvantage is the shorter shelf life. Cold-stirred jams cannot be kept for more than 1 month under refrigerated storage conditions. They should therefore be produced as and when required. 

Liquid hydrogen storage requires refrigeration to a temperature of 20 K, and the liquefaction process requires an industrial facility expending a minimum... 

Cold Test. The ability of an oil to withstand refrigerator storage is determined by the cold test analysis crystallization resistance is measured as the time in hours before the oil appears cloudy at 32°F or 0°C. Standardized AOCS Method Cc 11-53 requires that dry filtered oil be placed in a sealed 4-ounce bottle and submerged into an ice bath (103). A go/no-go examination after 5.5 hours for clarity is stipulated by the Official AOCS Method however, most laboratories practice the alternative procedure, which continues the clarity examinations until a cloud... 

Pectin methyl esterase in juices requires processing times of 10 min combined with pressures of 600 and 1000 MPa and temperatures of 57 and 20°C, respectively. These combinations prevent microbial deterioration, but must be combined with a mild blanching, refrigerated storage and addition of inhibitory enzymes to achieve a stable product with respect to pectin methyl esterase (Cheftel, 1992). Guava puree samples were treated with pressures of 400 and 600 MPa looking for pectinesterase and pol)q)henoloxidase inactivation. The residual activity of the former was greater than 76%, while of the latter was above 63% at the lower pressure. 

In general for biopharmaceuticals there are two main storage classes of interest 2-8 °C refrigerator storage (which is appropriate for most antibody preparation) and -15 to -25 °C deep-freezer storage. Some products may even require storage at -70 °C. 

We now come to three doubtful reasons, in particular the view that low temperatures are beneficial processing conditions. It will be shown in Chapter 5 that such a statement needs careful qualification it is certainly not a universal truth. As to the quality of the freeze-dried products, here again questions arise. Product catalogues distributed by manufacturers of biochemicals bear witness to apparent doubts about quality, because the need for refrigerated storage is usually specified and, for many biopharmaceutical products, deep frozen storage is apparently an absolute requirement. If this is indeed the case, then the slow removal of ice from the frozen solution by sublimation is surely superfluous. A simple freeze-thaw process would suffice. 

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