Soya oil, refined

In a resin kettle equipped as previously described are heated 94.5 gm (0.65 mole) of alkali-refined soya oil, 23.5 gm (0.26 mole) of glycerin (98%), and 0.05 gm of calcium hydroxide for hr at 450 F with good stirring and using a carbon dioxide blanket. Alcoholysis is checked by mixing 1 part of the reaction mixture with 4 parts of anhydrous boiling methanol. A clear solution of the boiling methanol indicates proper alcoholysis. At this point... 

Table 8 lists the components of the formulation that were found to be suitable for the emulsification of alkali refined soya oil emulsion. Table 7 lists the components for the formulation of the alkyd emulsions. 

The USP 28 describes soybean oil as the refined fixed oil obtained from the seeds of the soya plant Glycine max Merr. (Fabaceae). The PhEur 2005 defines refined soya-bean oil as the fatty oil obtained from the seeds of Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc. 

Acidulated soybean soapstock Calchem IVO-114 Caswell No. 801B Crude soybean oil, solvent extracted Degummed soybean oil EINECS 232-274-4 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 031606 Extract of soy Lipex 107 Lipex 200 Oils, soybean Refined soybean oil Refined undeodorized soybean oil Soja bean oil Soy germ extract Soy oil Soya-bean oil Soya bean oil [Oil, edible] Soya oil Soybean acidulated soapstock Soybean deodorizer distillate Soybean oil ... 

Physical or steam refining has been employed for a number of years in the processing of palm and soya oils. The problems encountered with the application of the process to canola oil have been related to the nature and the quantity of the phospholipids present in the crude degummed oil. Therefore, almost as a direct result of the development of higher quality crude degummed stocks, physical refining is now possible. 

Degummed and refined soya bean oil contains 1 5 ppm of P and 0.003 - 0.05% phospholipids. Crude soya bean oil, p 0.92 g/cc, mp —lO C, contains 2 3% total of phospholipids which contain about... 

About 60-70% of the tocopherols in oilseeds are retained during the oil extraction and refining process (cf. 14.4.1 and Table 3.54). Some oils with very similar fatty acid compositions can be distinguished by their distinct tocopherol spectrum. To illustrate this, two examples are provided. The amount of P-tocopherol in wheat germ oil is quite high (Table 3.54), hence it serves as an indicator of that oil. The blending of soya oil with sunflower oil is detectable by an increase in the content of linolenic acid (cf. 14.5.2.3). However, it is possible to make a final conclusive decision about the presence and quantity of soya oil in sunflower oil only after an analysis of the composition of the tocopherols. 

Vegetable oil derived materials used for experimentation are listed in Table 5. The alkyds were prepared by esterification of vegetable oils with phthalic anhydride and multifunctional alcohols to obtain the correct oil length within the structure of the alkyd molecule. The raw soya oil was refined with sodium hydroxide to remove free fatty acids and purify the oil. 

Siace the mid 1950s, tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) have become available ia good quaUties and large quantities (see Carboxylic acids, fatty acids from TALL oil). Refined grades of TOFA have degrees of unsaturation rivaling that of soya acids. Siace it is a year-rouad by-product from the paper iadustry, its... 

Gutfinger, T. and Letan, A. (1974) Quantitative changes in some unsaponifiable components of soya bean oil due to refining. J. Sci. Food Agric., 25, 1143-1147. 

Cmde oils generally contain phospholipids that are removed during the degum-ming stage of refining as a crude mixture (lecithin). This valuable product is the basis of the phospholipid industry, and phospholipids are used extensively in food products, in animal feeds, and in industrial processes. The major members are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols and are accompanied by smaller proportions of other phospholipids. Soybean oil (3.2%), rapeseed oil (2.5%), and sunflower seed oil (1.5%) contain the proportions of total phospholipids indicated in parentheses and are the main sources of commercial lecithins, especially soya lecithin. Palm oil contains little or no phospholipids (7-9). 

About one tenth of the total amount of vitamin E produced is semi-synthetic, isomerically pure (2R,4 K,8 R)-a-tocopherol (RRR-3) which is used almost exclusively in human applications (mainly pharma). This product, originating from natural sources, is obtained from soya deodorizer distillates (SDD). Vegetable oils refined on a large scale are the major sources of vitamin E compounds [26-28]. The deodorizer distillate, originally a waste stream, contains considerable amounts (up to 10%) of a-, [I-, y- and b-tocopherols (RRR-3 to RRR-6) which are isolated by several separation methods. To increase the value of the vitamin E concentrate of mixed tocopherols obtained from SDD, the lower (I-, y- and d-homologues (RRR-4 to RRR-6, content ca. 90%) have to be transformed subsequently into the biologically more active a-tocopherol (RRR-3, only ca. 5% in the original mixture) by permethylation reactions. Permethylations are performed by chloro-, amino-, or hydroxymethylation reactions to provide functionalized alkylated intermediates, which are reductively converted into RRR-3 (Fig. 3) [29]. 

Borg-Warner Celanese Central Soya Chelsea Industries Chesebrough-Ponds Cities Service Company Commonwealth Oil Refining Company Consolidated Foods Continental Oil Company (Conoco)... 

Centracote. [Central Soya] Refined edible vegetable oil. 

The soybean or soya bean Glycine max) is a species of legume native to East Asia. In processing soybeans for oil extraction, selection of high quality, sound, clean, dehulled, yellow soybeans is very important. To produce soybean oil, the soybeans are cracked, adjusted for moisture content, rolled into flakes, and solvent-extracted with commercial hexane. The oil is then refined, blended for different applications, and sometimes hydrogenated. In the past, hydrogenation was used to reduce... 

Trade Name Synonyms 680 Blown Soybean Oil [Cargill Ind. Oils Lubes http //www.techoiis. cargiii. com] Archer Soybean Oil 86-070-0 f[ADM Refined Oils http //www.admworid.com]. Capital Soya [ABITEC http //www.abiteccorp.com], Drisoy Y-Z [Reichhold http //www.reichhoid.com], Drisoy Z2-Z3 t[Reichhold http //www.reichhoid.com] EmCon Soya [Fanning http //www.fanncorp.com], Lipovol SOY [Lipo http //www.iipochemicais.com], Oleocal IVO-114 [Lambent Tech. 

Soya bean oil (ca. 1916) n. A pale yellow semidrying oil extracted from the bean of the soybean plant, Soja hispida, a native of Asia, but also grown extensively throughout the world. Its drying properties are inferior to those of linseed but may be improved by suitable processing. When refined, it finds wide use as a component in both exterior and interior paints, but its widest use is in the preparation of alkyds. Coatings made with soybean oil are less prone to yellowing than those based on linseed oil. 

Vegetable oils are obtained and refined from several plant sources. They are largely comprised of the triglyceride esters of fatty acids. Three particularly important oils are soya, linseed and tung oil since these oils contain fatty acids with wide variation in olefinic groups and conjugation. For example,... 

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