Reduction or suppression

The authors drew attention to the induction period noticeable in both types of samples of pure ammonium nitrate and those with ammonium chloride. The time, length and character of the induction period does not seem to depend on the concentration of ammonium chloride in the samples. After the induction period the decomposition of ammonium nitrate with ammonium chloride becomes faster than that of the pure substance. Guiochon and L. Jacqud found that the samples became acid during the induction period. Free nitric acid, and in the samples with ammonium chloride free hydrochloric acid (and subsequently chlorine) are formed. By adding nitric acid or chlorine to the samples, a considerable reduction or suppression of the induction period was achieved. 

REDUCTION OR SUPPRESSION OF OPIATE-INDUCED SIDE EFFECTS BY ENDOGENOUS STIMULATION OF DELTA RECEPTORS... 

This section concerns the partial or total inhibition of catalytic action. Substances causing this inhibition ( inhibitory or deactivating substances) can be conveniently indicated by IS. The alteration, reduction, or suppression of the catalytic activity can be a consequence of ... 

Structural inhibited plastics have found application in the sealing of movable and stationary metal-polymer joints operating in hostile environment. They are most efficient in weakly and moderately loaded friction joints, plain bearings and seals. Their main role in metal-polymer friction joints is the reduction or suppression of mechanochemical wear. 

Vapor Suppression Vapor suppression refers to the reduction or elimination of vapors emanating from the spilled or released material through the application of specially designed agents, also called blanketing. Vapor suppression can also be accomplished by the use of solid activated material to treat hazardous materials. This process results in the formation of a solid that affords easier handing but results in a hazardous solid that must be disposed of properly. 

Various solutions have been proposed for the reduction or elimination of autofluorescence. One way is to chemically suppress the autofluorescence signal with some reagents such as sodium borohydride, glycine or toluidine blue. However, in many cases, these approaches are either infeasible or ineffective, and none of them fully eliminates the problem. The second way is to use spectral unmixing algorithms subtracting the background fluorescence. This is only possible if you have at your disposal complicated, expensive confocal optics with sophisticated automated software (http //www.cri-inc.com/applications/fluorescence-microscopy.asp). 

Arsenic recoveries from the zinc column in the range 0.1-5pg ml-1 arsenic exceeded 97%. The concentrations at which certain elements interfere are shown in Table 12.16. Various other elements [A1 m, B m, Ca II, Cd II, Co II, Cr VI, Fe III, K I, Li I, Mg II, Mn H, Na I, Ni II, Pb II, S VI, Sn II and Zn II] showed no significant interference at the 500pg level. Only low senium concentrations in extracts can be tolerated. However, few environmental samples contain appreciable amounts of selenium. As selenium is not reduced to hydrogen selenide on the column, selenium will not interfere in the final determination step, but probably suppresses either arsenic reduction or arsine formation. Selenium appears to suppress arsine generation at high arsenic concentrations but causes a slight enhancement at low arsenic concentrations (around O.lpg), which could not be traced to arsenic impurities in the selenium standard used. 

In general, the signal acquisition process provides us with more data than needed. To extract relaxation parameters, we need a single value M(x) for each X setting, but we generally acquire a whole array of values. Clearly, some kind of data-reduction process must be implemented before the acquired signals can be used in the way we intend it to be. Like the NMR excitation techniques, the data reduction process can be exploited to enhance or suppress particular signal components. 

There are a number of findings suggesting that agents that facilitate elimination of protein carbonyls (by either proteolytic elimination or by enzymically mediated chemical reduction) may suppress neurodegenerative conditions in model systems (Botella et al., 2004). Consequently, as carnosine may also react with protein carbonyls, it is theoretically possible that it could suppress formation and /the reactivity of protein carbonyls in the brain. Whether carnosine participates in carbonyl reductase activity has not been investigated but it is also a reasonable speculation. 

An electrocatalytic reaction is an electrode reaction sensitive to the properties of the electrode surface. An electrocatalyst participates in promoting or suppressing an electrode reaction or reaction path without itself being transformed. For example, oxygen reduction electrode kinetics are enhanced by some five orders of magnitude from iron to platinum in alkaline solutions or from bare carbon to carbon electrodes modified with Fe phthalocyanines or phenylporphyrins. For a comprehensive discussion of the subject, the reader is referred to refs. (76, 95, and 132-136). 

A number of investigators have reported a reduction or even an absence of speech among LSD subjects. Some writers have suggested that these drugs suppress activity in the cortical levels of the brain, where the speech centers are located. 

There are several ways to reduce or suppress the electroosmotic flow in capillaries. These methods involve either eliminating the zeta potential across the solution-solid interface or increasing the viscosity at this interface. One approach is to coat the capillary wall, physically, with a polymer such as methylcellulose or linear polyacrylamide. Because of the difficulty in deactivating the capillary surface reproducibly, however, alternative methods employing dynamic reduction of solute-capillary interactions have been developed. Dynamic reduction of these interactions include the addition of chemical reagents such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, S-benzylthiouro-nium chloride, and Triton X-100. 

Increased depressive effects when taken with other CNS depressants Cimetidine raises loflazepate plasma levels Rapid dose reduction or discontinuation of loflazepate during concomitant use with tetracyclic antidepressants such as maprotiline may result in convulsive seizures, possibly due to the loss of anticonvulsant actions that suppress the pro-convulsant actions of tetracyclic antidepressants... 

---