Reduction comparison

KINETIC RESULTS FOR DCP AND TCH. The portion of the 50.13 MHz 13C NMR spectra containing the methylene and methine carbon resonances of DCP and the resultant products of its (n-Bu)3SnH reduction are presented in Figure 2 at several degrees of reduction. Comparison of the intensities of resonances possessing similar T, relaxation times (see above) permits a quantitative accounting of the amounts of each species (D,M,P) present at any degree of reduction. 

Fig. 25. Evaluation of the kinetic parameters for the stored NOx reduction. Comparison of the measured and calculated (calc) outlet NOx concentrations fresh NSRC. Lean/rich experiment (180s/5s), SV = 60,000h-1, =350° (Giithenke et al., 2007b). Reprinted with permission from SAE Paper 2007-01-1117 2007 SAE International.

Manual vs. Robotic (ASM) Data Reduction Comparison of STP Assays... 

Van Gelder RE, Venema HW, Florie J et al (2004c) CT colonography feasibility of substantial dose reduction - comparison of medium to very low doses in identical patients. Radiology 232 611-620... 

Lanthanide-actinide bonding and oxidation-reduction comparisons 274... 

Lanthanide-actinide oxidation-reduction comparisons in aqueous (uncomplexed,... 

In this section only coordination and complexing (sharing of electron pairs, i.e., acid-base effects) are considered. Oxidation-reduction comparisons (transfer of electrons) are made in sections 4.4 and 4.5. 

Oxidation-reduction comparisons in ionic systems 4.4.1. Binary oxides and halides... 

Benkeser reduction -, comparison with Birch reduction, review... 

Sikic, K. Carugo, O. Protein Sequence Redundancy Reduction Comparison of Various Method. Bioinformation 2010,5 (6), 234-9. 

Practical experience has shown that, depending on the field of application, a considerable reduction in inspection costs can be had when opting for radioscopy rather than radiography. By comparison with film technique, the inspection time of turbine blades for aircraft jet propulsion engines is reduced by 45% to 60%. When adding film costs, approximately DM 450.000,- can be saved per year /3/. As far as... 

Another interesting tool is to export the samples Isosurface hull to CAD for best matehing and afterwards comparison in 3D. Therefor a polygon export in DXF and the polygon reduction is implemented. 

Large stepsizes result in a strong reduction of the number of force field evaluations per unit time (see left hand side of Fig. 4). This represents the major advantage of the adaptive schemes in comparison to structure conserving methods. On the right hand side of Fig. 4 we see the number of FFTs (i.e., matrix-vector multiplication) per unit time. As expected, we observe that the Chebyshev iteration requires about double as much FFTs than the Krylov techniques. This is due to the fact that only about half of the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are essentially occupied during the process. This effect occurs even more drastically in cases with less states occupied. 

The Julia-Lythgoc olefination operates by addition of alkyl sulfone anions to carbonyl compounds and subsequent reductive deoxysulfonation (P. Kocienski, 1985). In comparison with the Wittig reaction, it has several advantages sulfones are often more readily available than phosphorus ylides, and it was often successful when the Wittig olefination failed. The elimination step yields exclusively or predominantly the more stable trans olefin stereoisomer. 

Pulsed Columns. The efficiency of sieve-plate or packed columns is increased by the appHcation of sinusoidal pulsation to the contents of the column. The weU-distributed turbulence promotes dispersion and mass transfer while tending to reduce axial dispersion in comparison with the unpulsed column. This leads to a substantial reduction in HETS or HTU values. 

The most common method of converting iron ore to metallic iron utilizes a blast furnace wherein the material is melted to form hot metal (pig iron). Approximately 96% of the world s iron is produced this way (see Iron). However, in the blast furnace process energy costs are relatively high, pollution problems of associated equipment are quite severe, and capital investment requirements are often prohibitively expensive. In comparison to the blast furnace method, direct reduction permits a wider choice of fuels, is environmentally clean, and requires a much lower capital investment. 

In 1993, 23.9 million metric tons of DRI were produced woddwide. Five principal processes produced 95.6% of this total. Natural gas-based direct reduction accounts for 92.5% of woddwide production and coal-based direct reduction accounts for the other 7.5%. A comparison of the five principal processes is given in Table 4. 

In an economic comparison of these three common abatement systems, a 1991 EPA study (58) indicates extended absorption to be the most cost-effective method for NO removal, with selective reduction only matching its performance for small-capacity plants of about 200—250 t/d. Nonselective abatement systems were indicated to be the least cost-effective method of abatement. The results of any comparison depend on the cost of capital versus variable operating costs. A low capital cost for SCR is offset by the ammonia required to remove the NO. Higher tail gas NO... 

K. S. Bengston, A Technical Comparison of Six Processes for the Production of Reduction Grade Mlumina from Non-Bauxite Raw Materials, Light Metals, AIME Annual Meeting, New Orleans, 1979. 

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