Redox signaling pathway

Cellular redox signaling pathway Expression of antioxidative Enzymes (GST, SOD etc)... 

Nuclear encoding of redox-signalling components. Components of the redox-signalling pathways upon which co-location for redox regulation depends are themselves not involved in primary electron transfer, and so their genes have been relocated to the nucleus, in accordance with principle 6. 

Doggui S, Belkacemi A, Paka GD, Perrotte M, Pi R, Ramassamy C (2013) Curcumin protects neuronal-like cells against acrolein by restoring Akt and redox signaling pathways. Mol Nutr Food Res. 57 1660-1670... 

Shao, H.B., Chu, L.Y., Lu, Z.H. Kang, C.M. (2008) Primary antioxidant free radical scavenging and redox signaling pathways in higher plant cells. International Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 4, No 1 pp. 8-14, ISSN 1449-2288... 

Intracellular and extracellular ROS activate tyrosine and serine-threonine kinases (i.e., the MAPK family members). Following TNF-a, TGF-f5 or EGF stimulation, intracellular ROS are generated which stimulate various signaling pathways [73], Tyrosine kinase receptors (e.g., EGF, PDGF and TGF-a) may be activated by ROS directly via protein sulfhydryl group modifications, or inhibition of phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) and subsequent receptor activation. The latter is possible as PTPases contain a redox-sensitive cysteine at their active site [78], and oxidation of protein sulfhydryl groups results in the inactivation of PTPases. 

Effect of mutations in H2 signalling (HupRiHupTUV) or redox signalling (RegA/RegB) pathways on hydrogenase activity in R. capsulates... 

The hemopexin heme transport system thus acts as an early warning system for cells by activating signaling pathways (including the N-terminal c-Jun kinase, kinases to release RbIA/NFkB family members for nuclear translocation) and transcription of the HO-1 and MT-1 genes. The details of this aspect of hemopexin function with redox-active copper as an initial event in the coordinated induction of HO-1 and MT-1 by heme-hemopexin have recently been reviewed (89) and are not presented in detail here. 

Goldstein, B.J., K. Mahadev, X. Wu, L. Zhu, and H. Motoshima. 2005. Role of insulin-induced reactive oxygen species in the insulin signaling pathway. Antiox. Redox Signal. 7 1021-1031. 

Ushio-Fukai, M., Alexander, R. W., Akers, M., et al. 1998a. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is a critical component of the redox-sensitive signaling pathways activated by angiotensin II. Role in vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 273 15022-15029. 

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