Recommending and implementing

Determining the causes is a necessary precursor to detailing findings, formulating recommendations, and implementing actions. This chapter presents two overall approaches to structured root cause investigation and develops a set of tools to identify root causes. 

Recommend and implement risk elimination or control techniques so that management can make intelligent and informed decisions to reduce the risk of hazard to the lowest possible levels of acceptance. 

An urgent recommendation to the BP Group Executive Board of Directors was to convene an independent panel of experts to examine BP s corporate safety management systems, safety culture, and oversight of the North American refineries. BP accepted the recommendation and implemented a special safety review panel. 

Consistent with guidance found in other chapters of this book, the following approach to selection of Class II cosolvents (by far the most common) is recommended, and implemented below ... 

Exercise rehabilitation is now recommended and implemented as the first line of therapy for LEAD patients in stage I or II alone, in conjunction with medical therapy, and after reconstructive arterial surgery in patients with significant hymodynamic improvements 22). Primarily, two exercise training protocols have been used extensively. One requires the patient to walk to the onset of pain (claudication), rest until the pain subsides, and repeat this intermittent walking several times. The other protocol is similar with the exception that the patients walk until near-maximal or maximal claudication is reached. 

Even the best-laid plans can sometimes be changed by unanticipated events. An occupational safety management plan should include contingencies if certain aspects of the master plan prove to be unattainable. Alternative courses of action can be incorporated into each segment of the planning process, or for the plan in its entirety. The occupational safety manger must continually identify and analyze threats and vulnerabilities to assets, and recommend and implement appropriate countermeasures. 

Rulis AM (1987) De Minimis and the threshold of regulation. In Felix CW (ed) Food uotection technology current and projected technologies for food protection—recommendations and implementation . Proceedings of the 1986 conference for food juotectioiL Lewis, Chelsea, MI, pp 29-37... 

What coordination is essential when recommending and implementing controls ... 

The general type of approach, that is, the comparison of an experimental heat of immersion with the expected value per square centimeter, has been discussed and implemented by numerous authors [21,22]. It is possible, for example, to estimate sv - sl from adsorption data or from the so-called isosteric heat of adsorption (see Section XVII-12B). In many cases where approximate relative areas only are desired, as with coals or other natural products, the heat of immersion method has much to recommend it. In the case of microporous adsorbents surface areas from heats of immersion can be larger than those from adsorption studies [23], but the former are the more correct [24]. 

Fuel systems can cause many problems, and fuel nozzles are especially susceptible to trouble. A gaseous fuel system consists of fuel filters, regulators, and gauges. Fuel is injected at a pressure of about 60 psi (4 Bar) above the compressor discharge pressure for which a gas compression system is needed. Knockout drums or centrifuges are recommended, and should be implemented to ensure no liquid carry-overs in the gaseous system. 

Feasibility Analysis Phase The point in a pollution prevention program at which waste reduction options are evaluated technically, economically and environmentally. The results are used to select options to be recommended for implementation. 

Because the ASHRAE/IES standard contained both mandatory requirements and recommendations, it was difficult to adopt and implement as a uniform building code. Such codes must clearly state minimum requirements that can be uniformly interpreted and applied. For this reason it was determined that a model code was needed that contained only the... 

A final recommendation and proposed implementation date are circulated to the relevant regulatory authorities. 

The goal of an effective VTE prophylaxis program is to identify all patients at risk, determine each patient s level of risk, and select and implement regimens that provide sufficient protection for the level of risk. OAt the time of hospital admission, all patients should be evaluated for their risk of VTE, and strategies to prevent VTE appropriate for each patient s level of risk should be routinely employed. Prophylaxis should be continued throughout the period of risk. The risk classification criteria and recommended prophylaxis strategies published... 

If the PrHA team is quite experienced, they may rank the action items according to the anticipated time and resources needed to implement changes. Or the team may make safety improvement and implementation recommendations. Ranking of action items or safety improvement recommendations may be valuable to management in several ways. It shows the significance that the PrHA team places on each item. It also allows management to prioritize the immediate efforts of corrective action and resolution. If resources are scarce, the ranking may affect the implementation schedule. 

A limitation of the developed 7-stage protocol is the substantial amount of time needed to apply the method. Moreover, the 7-stage protocol is applied only in four cases and the recommendations obtained from the analysis and implemented in practice are not yet evaluated, which means that exact value of this method in practice is not yet precisely known. Though, in Table 19, the four methods are compared on the requirements derived in Chapter 3. 

In C++, public inheritance is used to document extension and implementation, private inheritance is used for extensions that are not implementations (apart from the simple restrictions mentioned earlier) but the usual recommendation is to use instead an internal variable of the proposed base type. 

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