Readout Electronics

In addition to the Mossbauer data, SDDs allow the simultaneous acquisition of the XRF spectrum, thus providing data on the sample s elemental composition. A new control- and readout-electronics for MIMOS llA allows spectra acquisition at highest possible count rates available at a total detector area of 360 mm. ... 

The inherent 1 If noise of NTD Ge is very low, and noise spectra have been achieved with no excess noise down to 20 mHz in working systems, still limited by the readout electronics rather than by the detector itself. 

Detector focal planes the 850 xm focal plane instantaneously fully samples an area of sky, whilst the 450 xm is undersampled by a factor of 2. With over 10,000 pixels in total, the volume of readout electronics is considerably in excess of any previous instrument. 

Discharge tubes have an excellent detectivity and are solar-blind. These technological advantages have to be balanced against the need for acceleration voltage of some 100 V and complicated readout electronics. These requirements make sensing systems based on discharge tubes much more expensive than those based on photo-... 

The actual mode of connection between instrument and computer varies depending on the type of signal generated and the design of the instrument. The connection can be made via a serial port, a parallel port, or a USB port. The electronic circuitry required is built into the instrument s internal readout electronics or into an external box used for conditioning the instrument s output signal. In some cases, the instrument will not operate without the computer connection and is switched on and off as the computer is switched on and off. In other cases, the entire computer is built into the instrument. 

The balance Itself is critical, and must be capable of weighing to 1 ug in order to obtain reliable results. We use a Mettler M5, but there are more current digital readout, electronic balances on the market today by manufacturers Including Mettler, Cahn, Sartorlous, and Perkln-Elmer. 

Fig. 7. Response of a 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA)-coated piezoresistive cantilever as a function to the exposure to PETN vapor. The readout electronics were designed to produce a positive signal in response to...

The most immediate solution (2 years away) is the GFS upgrade to the RAPID readout system. The idea behind this system is that by segmenting the active area of the detector it is able to perform many more operations significantly faster. The predicted performance is a count rate in excess of 10 s , which is certainly sufficient for many experiments. In the longer term truly pixelated detectors, based on readout electronics on a silicon chip, will be necessary to cope with the increased X-ray fluxes. 

Depending on Local Count rates. Limited by the speed of the readout electronics. 

Research and development for the km3 NEMO. The construction of km3 scale neutrino telescopes requires detailed preliminary studies the choice of the underwater installation site must be carefully investigated to optimise detector performance the readout electronics must have a very low power consumption the data transmission system must allow data flow transmission, as high as 100 Gbps, to shore the mechanical design must allow easy detector deployment and recovery operations, moreover the deployed structures must be reliable over more than 10 years the position monitoring system has to determine the position of OM within 10 cm accuracy. In order to propose feasible and reliable solutions for the km3 installation the NEMO (NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory) Collaboration has been conducting an intense R D activity on all the above subjects since 1998 [53],... 

Figure 8. Block diagram of electronics used to couple the PARC photodiode array readout electronics to a local data acquisition system. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 12. Copyright 1982, Appl. OpticsJ...

In addition to the desired dependence on AC, it has a matching-dependent offset and gain that depends on parasitics. Any deviation of the reference capacitor Cref from the nominal value of the sense capacitance Cs appears as offset. Since in many applications AC is much smaller than C0, this offset often exceeds the signal. Offset cancellation should therefore occur early to minimize the dynamic range of the readout electronics. Care should also be taken for the trimming not to introduce a poor temperature coefficient. One solution fabricates the reference with the same process and in close proximity to the sense capacitor. The z axis accelerometer shown in Fig. 6.1.3 [7] utilizes two rnicromachined structures for the sense and reference. The suspension of the reference structure has been made intentionally stiff. 

The noise of sensor output originates in the optical system and readout electronics of an SPR sensor instriunent. Dominant sources of noise are fluctuations in the hght intensity emitted by the light source, statistical properties... 

K.T. Tang, DJ. Yao, C.M. Yang, H.C. Hao, J.S. Chao, C.H. Li, P.S.Gu, A Portable Electronic Nose Based on Bio-Chemical Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Array with Multiplexed Oscillator and Readout Electronics. (ISOEN, Brescia, 2009)... 

H.C. Hao, et al., Development of a portable electronic nose based on chemical surface acoustic wave array with multiplexed oscillator and readout electronics. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical 146(2) 545-553 (2010)... 

Despite many advantages of capacitance-based microfluidic sensor such as cost-effectiveness, portability, etc., the major concern remaining is the integration of the readout electronics. In the mentioned systems above, IDEs are easily able to be... 

Lab-on-a-Chip Devices for Chemical Analysis, Fig. 5 Photograph of a Lab-on-a-Chip (a) zoom of the detection chambers and (b) zoom of the CMOS chip. The CMOS chip includes FP optical filters, photodetectors, and readout electronics. Each detection chambers is 2 mm... 

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