Reactive thinner

The curing reaction of acrylates is typical of vinyl monomers. Therefore, the degree of double-bond conversion is the measure of the degree of cure. The best results are obtained when using oligomers as binders and monomers as reactive thinners. Examples of difunctional and polyfunctional acrylates are in Table 4.4. A partial list of the most common acrylate oligomers is below. - ... 

Polyether acrylates Polyether acrylates are produced by esterification of polyetherols with acrylic acid. They have a very low viscosity and do not require reactive thinners. Amino-modified polyether acrylates have a higher reactivity and low skin irritance, similar to polyester acrylates. 

Typical liquid systems require doses between 10 and 50 kGy. They consist of binders (prepolymers) with acrylic (H2C=CH-CO-0-) double bonds in the main chain (polymaleates and polyfumarates) and of monomers, usually acrylates used as reactive thinners. Other ingredients added to the formulation may be pigments, dyes, fillers, flatting agents, and additives to improve film and surface properties and attain the required performance criferia. ... 

Monomer (reactive thinner) 0-6 Viscosity adjustment, contributes to film forming... 

Monomers, also called reactive thinners, are used to reduce viscosity of the prepolymers, but also have an effect on properties of the cured film. They form a high-molecular-weight network with the prepolymer after curing. To attain an adequate degree of cross-linking, bifunctional and polyfunctional acrylates are principally used. 

CAS 818-61-1 EINECS/ELINCS 212-454-9 Uses Crosslinkable paint resin binder for textiles and paper urethane acrylates reactive thinners for curing by radiation comonomer for refinishing paints adhesion promoter for polymers Properties Pt-Co 50 max. clear liq. ester-like si. yel. odor misc. with water m.w. 116.1 sp.gr. 1.11 vise. 9 mPa s (20 C) vapor pressure 0.1 mbar b.p. 230 C solid, pt. -60 C flash pt. 104 C ref. index 1.450 95% min. purity 0.02% max. water 0.5% max. acid Toxicoiogy LD50 (oral, rat) 650 mg/kg severe skin irritant and sensitizer caustic TSCA listed... 

CAS 868-77-9 EINECS/ELINCS 212-782-2 Uses Crosslinkable paint resin binder for textiles/paper adhesives urethane methacrylates reactive thinners grafting of textile fibers scale inhibitors adhesion promoter for polymers hydrophilic polymers lt.-cuting polymer systems rubber modifiers contact lenses photopolymer plates photoresists... 

Uses Monomer for creating and modifying polymers, acrylic resins, urethane methacryiates marine antifouling paint resin comonomer reactive comonomer for acryiic and S/B resins rubber modifier binder for textiies/paper adhesives, nonwoven fabrics, enamels, adhesives grafting of textiie fibers scaie inhibitors adhesion promoter for polymers hydrophilic polymers It.-curing polymer systems reactive thinner for radiation curing food-pkg. adhesives, polymers Manuf./Distrib. Acros Org. Aldrich Allchem Ind. Ashland BP Amoco Electron Microscopy Sciences Fluka ICN Biomed. Research Prods. Kessler Lancaster Synthesis Laporte Perf. Chems. Monomer-Polymer Dajac Labs Pfaltz Bauer Rohm Haas Rohm Tech San Esters Scientific Polymer Prods. Sigma TCI Am. Ubichem pic Whyte Chems. Ltd... 

Uses Crosslinkable paint resin binder for textiles, paper reactive thinner adhesion promoter... 

Properties Liq. m.w. 130.16 dens. 1.044 b.p. 77 C (5 mm) flash pt. (CC) 193 F Toxicology Highly toxic toxic by inh., ing., skin contact irritant causes bums readily absorbed thru skin may cause sensitization by skin contact TSCA listed Precaution Combustible Uses Crosslinkable paint resin binder for textiles, paper reactive thinner adhesion promoter... 

Processing relevant Low viscous Long-chain curing agent (rotor blade hardener) Reactive thinner... 

The relatively high viscosities compared with UP resins make fiber impregnation more difficult at lower temperatures. However, new, low viscosity resin systems have been developed especially for new infusion techniques for large components with long impregnation paths. The use of reactive thinners and solvents is declining because they are considered health and ecological hazards. 

Clearcoats based on combinations of various maleimides (MI) and vinyl ethers (VE) or VE blends were tested with respect to their UV-photocuring in air [175]. It was found that MI/VE binders and reactive thinners could be cured without additional photoinitiators. Moreover, the equimolar MI/VE blends could be used as photoinitiators for acrylate systems, although their reactivity compared with commercial Norrish type I initiators proved to be poor. The observed limitations, e.g. changes in the properties of cured UPRs, limited reactivity in the air and irritation effects, could be ehminated using aliphatic MI types with further increased reactivity, higher functionality and/or molecular weight and lower irritation. 

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