Quality and enforcement

Thus far this chapter has explained the derivation of software and attempted to show how it has evolved over time to become the true brains of any automated system. But like a human brain, this software brain must be carefully architected to promote productivity, foster quality, and enforce control and reusability. 

This section covers only the tests that are essential on a completed motor, irrespective of the manufacturing procedure and stage quality checks. If ISO 9000 guidelines are assimilated, practised and enforced by a manufacturer so that a customer s trust is obtained, a final pre-despatch inspection by the customer may not be necessary. The customer, having gained confidence in the practices and Quality Assurance Systems of the manufacturer, may issue an authorization to the manufacturer to despatch the material under their own inspection certificate, rather than an inspection by the customer. We discuss below the test requirements procedure and the acceptance norms prescribed by various national and international standards for such machines and adopted by various manufacturers. 

Regulatory agencies in various geographical regions enforce guidelines to ensure the quality and uniformity of pharmaceutical substances. 

Since SYSCO does not itself manufacture, a quality assurance team of more than 180 professionals determines specifications for each own-brand item and also sets criteria for raw materials and for the standards that manufacturers and processors must follow for food safety, quality, and consistency, as well as for social responsibility and supplier codes of conduct. This quality assurance team identifies and establishes supply sources and audits those suppliers to enforce SYSCO s strict standards for various factors like facility conditions and sanitary measures. Inspectors are at the plants as bacon comes off the production line, or follow produce from field to cooler to assure proper holding temperatures and product integrity. SYSCO s program is unmatched in the food industry. The number of people and level of resources committed to supporting the integrity of the products are far superior to those of other industry competitors, who may devote merely a handful of personnel to these tasks, if they are undertaken at all. 

Chemical analysis is the proof of many innovations the evolution of technologies has led to the development of high-performance instruments allowing new possibilities, notably hyphenated methods and non-destructive methods. Non-destructive tests can be conducted on very small samples that do not necessitate extensive sample preparation. Users can finally acquire instruments that meet the quality and precision requirements necessary to obtain certification. This latter requirement is an important if not a sufficient condition to officially recognise the quality of results produced by a laboratory. Certification procedures are enforced by a number of testing bodies all over the world. 

The updated Mayor s air quality strategy addresses various measures which are proposed in the strategy and should be implemented in the near future [7]. This includes inter alia no-idling zones , more efficient freight movements, promotion of smarter travel, lane rental schemes for construction work in congested roads, supporting the uptake of low emission and electric vehicles, hybrid buses for public transport, renewal of the taxi fleet and enforced implementation of best practice guidance for construction sites. 

This master plan is used, managed, and enforced throughout the life of a process to help ensure quality. The document defines the validation approach, specifies the responsibilities of each of the validation team members, and is an important part of the overall validation effort at the beginning of a project. 

Establish and enforce meaningful quality standards throughout the operation. 

As of this writing, there are a number of outstanding issues that remain unresolved and that could threaten the viability of the MRA. One of FDA s biggest concerns is the unharmonized definition of GMP and the EU member states interpretation and enforcement of quality system standards. Another potential problem is the EU s reluctance to conduct inspections of APIs, despite their inclusion in the pharmaceutical GMP annex. 

The control of migration of additives, monomers or oligomers, from packaging materials, for example, into food (important for the enforcement of a high level of food quality and safety) or other consumer products ... 

Even after the conversion to an alternative energy economy, it will be necessary to monitor the air quality. To enforce regulations, air quality is monitored near single sources of pollution and also in urban areas. Regardless of the type of instruments used to measure air quality, the collected data will only be representative if the sampling site is correctly selected. Table 3.9... 

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