Pyroxylin solvent

Shake 1 ml. of anhydrous methyl alcohol with 1 ml. of paraffin oil. Repeat the experiment with 1 ml. of n butyl alcohol. From your results state which is the better solvent for paraffin oil (a mixture of higher hydrocarbons) and thus explain why n-butanol and higher alcohols are incorporated in pyroxylin lacquers in preference to methyl and ethyl alcohols. 

Uses Determining fat content in milk solvent for alkaloids, fats, oils manufacturing isovaleric acid, isoamyl or amyl compounds, esters, mercury fulminate, artificial silk, smokeless powders, lacquers, pyroxylin photographic chemicals pharmaceutical products microscopy in organic synthesis. 

Triacetin has been used as a solvent for acetocellulose and as a plasticizer in the pyroxylin industry (Ref 5). It was patented by Hale Cameron (Ref 3) as a flash reducing agent in NC propellants. According to Ref 4, triacetin acts as a gelatinizing and waterproofing agent. It has been used successfully as plasticizer and coolant in single-base propellants and in cast doublebase propellants (see Note)... 

Solvents have been classified on various arbitrary bases (1) boiling point, (2) evaporation rate, (3) polarity, (4) industrial applications, (5) chemical composition, (6) proton donor and proton acceptor relationships, and (7) behavior toward a dye, Magdala Red, Thus on the basis of industrial application one can classify solvents as those for (1) acctyl-ccliulosc, (2) pyroxylin, 13) resins and lubber, (4) cellulose ether, (5) chlorinated rubber, (6) synthetic resins, and (7) solvents and blending agents for cellulose ester lacquers. Solvents classified according to chemical composition are noted below. 

Cement, Pyroxylin, A mixt contg pyroxylin (collodion cotton), a solvent and a plasticizer used for cementing NC plastics to other materials Ref CondChemDict( 1961), 238... 

Composition C, therefore, was replaced in the US by Composition C-2 which was a white plastic consisting of RDX 78.7% explosive plasticizer 21.3%. The expl plasticizer was composed of DNT 12.0%, TNT 5%, MNT 2.7%, NC (pyroxylin) 0.3% solvent 1.0%. Composition C-2 was plastic from -30° to 50°, but became less plastic at higher temp storage because of evapn of the volatile matter. Expl props of Comp C-2 are given in Ref 19, pp 53-4... 

Uses Hardening and acid fixing baths stop baths as a clearing bath after ferrous oxalate development of bromide paper. Glacial acetic acid can be used as a solvent of gelatin, celluloid, and pyroxylin. 

Collodions are preparations of cellulose nitrate (pyroxylin) dissolved in an organic solvent. The solvent evaporates rapidly and the resultant flexible film is used to hold a medicament, e.g. salicylic add, in contact with the skin. They are irritant and inflammable and are used to treat only small areas of skin. 

Collodions Collodions are liquid, external preparations with a base of pyroxylin dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ethyl oxide or similar solvent. 

Use Solvent for cellulose ethers and esters, various natural and synthetic resins flavoring agent fruit syrups cutting agent for pyroxylin. 

Paints and liquids contain 11-17% salicylic acid, often in a collodion-based vehicle. Collodions contain pyroxylin, a nitrocellulose derivative, dissolved in a volatile solvent such as ether, acetone or alcohol. On application, the solvent evaporates, leaving on the skin an adherent, flexible, water-repellent film containing the medicament. This has the advantage of maintaining the salicylic acid at the site of application and also assists skin maceration by preventing moisture evaporation. Liquid preparations are usually applied daily for several days until the corn or callus can be easily removed. 

A nitrated cellulose dampened with not less than 25% of organic solvent is mentioned as Pyroxylin in USP XXI and BP. It is also known as Colloxylin. It serves to prepare collodions (solutions in ether and alcohol). 

Collodion 4743-4 A viscous solution of pyroxylin in a mixture of alcohol and ether also, sometimes, a similar solution of pyroxylin in some othtr solvent, as acetone, used as a coating for wounds, for photographic films, small balloons, membranes, etc. 

Collodions are liquid preparations composed of pyroxylin (soluble gun cotton, collodion cotton) dissolved in a solvent mixture composed of alcohol (94% ethanol) and ether with or without added medicinals. Pyroxylin is obtained by the action of nitric and sulfuric acids on cotton or other ceUulosic material to produce cellulose tetranitrate. Pyroxylin is completely soluble in 25 parts of a mixture of 3 volumes of ether and 1 volume of alcohol. It is extremely flammable and must be stored in a well-closed container away from flame, heat, and light. Collodions are intended for external use as a protective coating to the skin. When medicated, it leaves a thin layer of that medication firmly placed against the skin. 

USE Solvent for fats, resins, alkaloids, etc. manuf isoamyl (amyl) compds, isovaleric acid, mercury fulminate, pyroxylin, artificial silk, lacquers, smokeless powders in microscopy for dehydrating celloidin solns for determining fat in milk. Caution May be moderately irritating to mucous... 

OTHER COMMENTS use as a solvent for resins, fats, alkaloids, etc. used in the manufacture of isoamyl compounds, lacquers, smokeless powders, artificial silk, mercury fulminate, and pyroxylin other uses include organic synthesis, preparation of pharmaceutical products, microscopy, and determination of fat in milk. 

Another class, the nitro-celluloses, are formed from cellulose, C 6 H 10 O 5, which forms the groundwork of all vegetable tissues. Cellulose has some of the properties of the alcohols, and forms ethereal salts when treated with nitric and sulphuric acids. The hexa-nitrate, or gun-cotton, has the formula, C 12 H 14 0 4 (0N0 2 ) 6 and collodion-cotton, pyroxylin, c., form the lower nitrates, i.e., the tetra- and penta-nitrates. These last are soluble in various solvents, such as ether-alcohol and nitro-glycerine, in which the hexa-nitrate is insoluble. They all dissolve, however, in acetone and acetic ether. 

---