Ethers salts

Trifluoromethanesulfonic (triflic) anhydride is commercially available or can be prepared easily by the reaction of triflic acid with phosphorus pentoxide [66] This moderately hygroscopic colorless liquid is a useful reagent for the preparation of various organic derivatives of triflic acid A large variety of organic ionic triflates can be prepared from triflic anhydride A recent example is the preparation of unusual oxo-bridged dicatiomc salts of different types [SS, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93] (equations 38-44) Stabilized dication ether salts of the Huckel aromatic system and some other systems (equations 38 and 39) can be prepared in one step by the... 

The initial product from this reaction (100) is not observed as it undergoes spontaneous internal displacement to the cyclic imino ether salt 101. Treatment... 

We found that LiHBEt3 cleanly reduces the ethylvinyl ether salt 18b in THF to a 6-ethoxyethyl iron complex in 80% yield In contrast, Pt PMe+BHi - in CH2C12 transforms 18b into 1 1 mix-... 

Related to these enzyme -catalysed reactions are electroreductions of acetophenone in the presence of chiral crown ethers. The low optical yields (<3%) are attributed to association of the prochiral substrate and the chiral crown ether salt complex in the electrochemical double layer (Horner and Brich, 1978). 

Ethereal salts of monadd, diadd, and triadd alcohols...362... 

The alcohols have been termed the hydrated oxides of the basylous radicals but this is erroneous, as they do not contain waW. They may more correctly be defined os the compounds of hydroxyl with the basylous organic radicals, whence it follows that each series of basylous radicals forms a correspond ing series of alcohols. The alcohols act upon and saturate acids, forming a family of compounds termed ethereal salte. 

Among the ethereal salts of all Uo alcohol, the sulphide and sulphocjranate occur in nature as garlic and mustard oils —... 

Most aaimal and vegetsble fats consist of mixtum of the glycerin ethereal salts of the tty and of the oleic series of acids. Glycerin is liberated om these by water at high temperatures, or by bases giving salts insoluble in water —... 

Many of them are coutoined in plants in the free state, or in combination as metallic or ethereal salts. 

A large number exist as natural ts in the form of the ethereal salts of glycerin t this is the case with butyric, pal initio, and stearic adds, which, united with glycerin, form respectively butyrin, palmitin, and stearin. 

Formation.—"Sj the actiou of the iocUdes of the CaHs., radicals on disodaoetie ether, the ethereal salts of these aci are produced. 

Prepare m.—AB a potassio salt, by the action of methylic iodide on disodacetic etW and the subsequent decomposition, by alcobolio solution of potash, of the ethereal salt so formed —... 

SomatUm.— As ethereal salts, by the action of the iodides of the O.H i radicals on trisodacetio ether. 

Formation of Seeondary Aeida.—By tho action of the pbos-phoras chlorides or of phosphoric anhydride upon the ethereal salts of secondary acids of the lactic scries, the elements of water are removed and the ethereal salts of the acrylic secon> dary division of acids produced —... 

If the ethereal salts of the secondary adds of the lactic series he treated with phosphorous trichloride, the ethereal salts of the secondary adds of the acrylic series are produced —... 

The acids fix>ni which they are derived maybe either mineral or organic but the base must always be organic. The haloid ethereal salts are excluded ibom tUs mily thqr have been already described as haloid ethers. 

Moaobaeio acitb fonn only one ethereal salt with each monaoid alcohol and this salt is always neutral. 

With diaoid alcohols they each form two ethereal salts, and with triacid alcohols three ethereal salts. These are also neutral. Thus with acetic acid we hare>... 

In the same manner, tribacno adds form with monaoid alcohols three series of ethereal salts, the first two of which are acid, and the third neutral. 

Prolonged contact with water generally decomposes the ethereal salts, liberating the radicals of the bases in the form of alcohols —... 

Dibasic acids form, with monaoid alcohols, two series of ethereal salts — ... 

S. By the notion of ammonia on the ethereal salts of the monobasio aoids s—... 

Likewise, the electrochemical fluorination of the partially fluorinated ether containing disulphonyl fluoride, CH2(0CF2CF2S02F)2 has been shown to produce a mixture of both the difluoromethane- (19% yield) and the fluorometha-ne- (20% yield) sulphonyl fluorides. New fluorinated ether salt derivatives of these products, e.g. Ca[CF2(0CF2CF2S03)2] were prepared and characterised... 

The simple acidic nature of chlorosulphonic acid is also manifested in the existence of corresponding ethereal salts, the ethyl ester C1.S02. OCaII8 being obtainable indirectly by the action of phosphorus penta-chloride on ethyl hydrogen sulphate (ethylsulphuric acid), C2H50. S03.0H, or by the interaction of sulphuryl chloride and ethyl alcohol 1... 

Figure 59. Theophile-Jules Pelouze (1807-1867). (Courtesy E. Berl.) Made many important contributions to organic and inorganic chemistry— ethereal salts, the first nitrile, borneol, glyceryl tributyrate, pyroxylin, improvements in the manufacture of plate glass. He nitrated paper in 1838 and was thus probably the first to prepare nitrocellulose. Reproduced from original in Kekule s portrait album.

Secondary Oxonium Ions [RR OH ]. 1H NMR and IR investigation75 of protonated ether salts (hexachloroantimonates) in dichloromethane solutions showed the formation of both (a) dialkyloxonium ions in which the proton is bound to only one oxygen (21) and (b) bidentate complexes in which the proton is shared between two ether molecules (22). Structural analysis of such a bidentate complex of diethyl ether with a complex anion shows a broad H+ resonance at 81 H 16.3 and unequal O—H bond distances (1.39 and 1.11 A).76... 

Calculate the Kex values for the following K+ salts (0.01 M) a 1.0 mM crown ether salt extraction system (a) in the absence of a urea-based anion binding host and (b) in its presence, from the table below and hence calculate the improvement factor Kex with anion host//fex without anion host. The [K+] back extracted represents the concentration of K+ moving into the organic phase, as measured by back-extraction. 

Fatty acids can be extracted by petroleum ether. Salts of fatty acids cannot they are water soluble. Explain why. 

Ethereal salts or esters derived from the neutralisation of an acid by an alcohol also undergo hydrolysis by water and the fats, which are compounds of this type, are frequently decomposed m this way for the manufacture of glycerine, candles, or sogp the hydrolysis of such esters is catalytically accelerated by the addition of a mineral acid. 

Salts of the ion H2C1+ have not been isolated, but crown ether salts of the HC1Z and HBr2 ions have been structurally characterized. These are angular with strong H-bonds, though the parameters vary with the cation.44... 

In 1999, Schmidbaur reported that the reduction by potassium metal of the dinuclear Ga(II) compound (6), previously synthesized by Cowley, affords the two-coordinate Ga anion (7) as a K(18-crown-6)(THF)2+ (see Crown Ethers) salt (Scheme 2)P This anion is the first two-coordinate chelate group 13 complex and was X-ray characterized. The 4s lone pair of electrons on the Ga atom and the two-electron pairs donated by the nitrogen... 

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